The epithelial tissues that line our body, such as the skin and gut, have remarkable regenerative prowess and continually renew throughout our lifetimes. Owing to their barrier function, these tissues have also evolved sophisticated repair mechanisms to swiftly heal and limit the penetration of harmful agents following injury. Researchers now appreciate that epithelial regeneration and repair are not autonomous processes but rely on a dynamic cross talk with immunity. A wealth of clinical and experimental data point to the functional coupling of reparative and inflammatory responses as two sides of the same coin. Here we bring to the fore the immunological signals that underlie homeostatic epithelial regeneration and restitution following damage. We review our current understanding of how immune cells contribute to distinct phases of repair. When unchecked, immune-mediated repair programs are co-opted to fuel epithelial pathologies such as cancer, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Thus, understanding the reparative functions of immunity may advance therapeutic innovation in regenerative medicine and epithelial inflammatory diseases.

中文翻译：

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再生和修复中的免疫上皮相互作用

我们身体的上皮组织，例如皮肤和肠道，具有非凡的再生能力，并且在我们的一生中不断更新。由于其屏障功能，这些组织还进化出了复杂的修复机制，可以在受伤后迅速愈合并限制有害物质的渗透。研究人员现在认识到，上皮再生和修复不是自主过程，而是依赖于与免疫的动态交互作用。大量的临床和实验数据表明，修复反应和炎症反应的功能耦合是同一枚硬币的两面。在这里，我们突出了损伤后稳态上皮再生和恢复背后的免疫信号。我们回顾了目前对免疫细胞如何促进修复的不同阶段的理解。如果不加以控制，免疫介导的修复程序就会被选择加剧上皮病变，例如癌症、牛皮癣和炎症性肠病。因此，了解免疫的修复功能可能会促进再生医学和上皮炎症疾病的治疗创新。