ABSTRACT

Values have always tended to play a central role in discourse on the environment, a tendency which is currently particularly evident in the biodiversity context. Traditionally, arguments about the environment have invoked instrumental value to highlight the necessity or utility of a healthy environment for people and intrinsic value to emphasize the importance of protecting nature for its own sake. More recently, this value dichotomy has been challenged, and the notion of a third value category – relational value – has been introduced into the political and social conservation discussion. In the field of environmental philosophy, the idea of a third category of environmental value already has a longer tradition. This article describes and compares several philosophical accounts of third-category environmental value to contribute to a better characterization of relational value and thus to a better understanding of the role this type of value can play in environmental discourse and policy.

摘要

价值观一直倾向于在环境讨论中发挥核心作用，这一趋势目前在生物多样性背景下尤为明显。传统上，关于环境的争论援引工具价值来强调人类健康环境的必要性或效用，并援引内在价值来强调为自然本身而保护自然的重要性。最近，这种价值二分法受到挑战，第三种价值类别——关系价值——的概念被引入政治和社会保护讨论中。在环境哲学领域，第三类环境价值的思想已有较悠久的传统。