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Fleet cost and capacity effects of automated vehicles in mixed traffic networks: A system optimal assignment problem
Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.trc.2023.104020
Vahed Barzegari , Ali Edrisi , Mehdi Nourinejad

Automated vehicles can increase network capacity by leveraging connectivity with other vehicles and the infrastructure, but come at a larger operating and maintenance cost than other human-driven vehicles. This study investigates the trade-off in cost and capacity effects of automated vehicles when a social planner decides the optimal fleet mix for serving a given network demand. We present a system optimal assignment problem that is a non-linear program with linear constraints. Using second-order analysis, we label each link of the network as either “convex” or “concave”. The classification is done prior to any traffic assignment and is independent of demand patterns. According to the classification, a social planner benefits from increasing (decreasing) the automated vehicle ratio of traffic in convex (concave) links. We show that the proposed system optimal problem is non-convex and develop a Benders decomposition algorithm with a master problem that decides path flows and a sub-problem that finds the optimal automated vehicle ratio of each path. We further discuss the system optimal properties in three stylized networks with parallel, series, and mixed topology, and a larger Sioux Falls network. Results show that in parallel networks, the convex (concave) links have an automated vehicle ratio of one (zero), whereas in series networks, the optimal automated vehicle ratios depend on several network parameters.



中文翻译:

混合交通网络中自动驾驶车辆的车队成本和容量效应:一个系统优化分配问题

自动驾驶车辆可以通过利用与其他车辆和基础设施的连接来增加网络容量,但与其他人力驾驶车辆相比,其运营和维护成本更高。本研究调查了当社会规划者决定最佳车队组合以满足给定网络需求时,自动驾驶汽车的成本和容量影响的权衡。我们提出了一个系统最优分配问题,它是一个具有线性约束的非线性程序。使用二阶分析,我们将网络的每个链接标记为“凸”或“凹”。分类在任何流量分配之前完成,并且独立于需求模式。根据分类,社会规划者受益于增加(减少)凸(凹)路段交通的自动车辆比例。我们表明所提出的系统优化问题是非凸的,并开发了一种 Benders 分解算法,该算法具有决定路径流量的主问题和找到每条路径的最佳自动车辆比率的子问题。我们进一步讨论了具有并行、串联和混合拓扑的三个程式化网络以及更大的 Sioux Falls 网络中的系统最优属性。结果表明,在并行网络中,凸(凹)连接的自动车辆比率为一(零),而在串联网络中,最佳自动车辆比率取决于多个网络参数。我们进一步讨论了具有并行、串联和混合拓扑的三个程式化网络以及更大的 Sioux Falls 网络中的系统最优属性。结果表明,在并行网络中,凸(凹)连接的自动车辆比率为一(零),而在串联网络中,最佳自动车辆比率取决于多个网络参数。我们进一步讨论了具有并行、串联和混合拓扑的三个程式化网络以及更大的 Sioux Falls 网络中的系统最优属性。结果表明,在并行网络中,凸(凹)连接的自动车辆比率为一(零),而在串联网络中,最佳自动车辆比率取决于多个网络参数。

更新日期:2023-01-24
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