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Reduced expression level of protein phosphatase, PPM1E, serves to maintain insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes
Diabetes ( IF 7.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-20 , DOI: 10.2337/db22-0472
Sevda Gheibi 1 , Luis Rodrigo Cataldo 1, 2 , Alexander Hamilton 3, 4 , Mi Huang 5 , Sebastian Kalamajski 5 , Malin Fex 1 , Hindrik Mulder 1
Affiliation  

Reversible phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism. Regulation of protein phosphorylation in β-cells has been extensively investigated, but less is known about protein dephosphorylation. To understand the role of protein dephosphorylation in β-cells and type 2 diabetes (T2D), we first examined mRNA expression of type 2C family (PP2C) of protein phosphatases in islets from T2D donors. Phosphatase expression overall was changed in T2D, and that of PPM1E was most markedly downregulated. PPM1E expression correlated inversely with HbA1c. Silencing of PPM1E increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in INS-1 832/13 cells and/or islets from T2D patients while PPM1E overexpression decreased GSIS. Increased GSIS following PPM1E silencing was associated with decreased oxidative stress, elevated cytosolic Ca2+ levels and ATP/ADP ratio, increased hyperpolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane and phosphorylation of CaMKII, AMPK and acetyl-coA carboxylase. Silencing of PPM1E, however, did not change insulin content. Increased GSIS, cell viability, and activation of AMPK upon metformin treatment in β-cells were observed upon PPM1E silencing. Thus, protein dephosphorylation via PPM1E abrogates GSIS. Consequently, reduced PPM1E expression in T2D may be a compensatory response of β-cells to uphold insulin secretion under metabolic duress. Targeting PPM1E in β-cells may thus represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of T2D.

中文翻译:

蛋白磷酸酶 PPM1E 的表达水平降低有助于维持 2 型糖尿病患者的胰岛素分泌

可逆磷酸化是一种重要的调节机制。β 细胞中蛋白质磷酸化的调节已得到广泛研究,但对蛋白质去磷酸化知之甚少。为了解蛋白质去磷酸化在 β 细胞和 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 中的作用,我们首先检测了来自 T2D 供体的胰岛中蛋白磷酸酶 2C 型家族 (PP2C) 的 mRNA 表达。磷酸酶表达在 T2D 中总体发生了变化,PPM1E 的表达下调最为显着。PPM1E 表达与 HbA1c 呈负相关。PPM1E 的沉默增加了 INS-1 832/13 细胞和/或 T2D 患者胰岛中葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌 (GSIS),而 PPM1E 过表达降低了 GSIS。PPM1E 沉默后 GSIS 增加与氧化应激降低、细胞溶质 Ca2+ 水平和 ATP/ADP 比率升高有关,增加线粒体内膜的超极化和 CaMKII、AMPK 和乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶的磷酸化。然而,PPM1E 的沉默并没有改变胰岛素含量。在 PPM1E 沉默后观察到 β 细胞中二甲双胍处理后 GSIS、细胞活力和 AMPK 激活增加。因此,通过 PPM1E 进行的蛋白质去磷酸化消除了 GSIS。因此,T2D 中 PPM1E 表达减少可能是 β 细胞在代谢胁迫下维持胰岛素分泌的代偿性反应。因此,靶向 β 细胞中的 PPM1E 可能代表一种治疗 T2D 的新型治疗策略。在 PPM1E 沉默后观察到二甲双胍处理 β 细胞后 AMPK 的激活。因此,通过 PPM1E 进行的蛋白质去磷酸化消除了 GSIS。因此,T2D 中 PPM1E 表达减少可能是 β 细胞在代谢胁迫下维持胰岛素分泌的代偿性反应。因此,靶向 β 细胞中的 PPM1E 可能代表一种治疗 T2D 的新型治疗策略。在 PPM1E 沉默后观察到二甲双胍处理 β 细胞后 AMPK 的激活。因此,通过 PPM1E 进行的蛋白质去磷酸化消除了 GSIS。因此,T2D 中 PPM1E 表达减少可能是 β 细胞在代谢胁迫下维持胰岛素分泌的代偿性反应。因此,靶向 β 细胞中的 PPM1E 可能代表一种治疗 T2D 的新型治疗策略。
更新日期:2023-01-20
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