Although homopositivity, the attitudinal acceptance of homosexuality, has generally increased across Western societies, there remains considerable homonegativity across certain regions of the world as well as certain demographic and socioeconomic groups. Although previous cross-national research has successfully identified the key factors affecting homopositive attitudes, the literature neglects both potentially key mediation pathways and moderating interactions between those factors that may unlock more nuanced understanding of these variations in homopositive attitudes across individuals and places. In response, the present study innovatively applied a multivariate structural equation modelling approach to the latest Wave 9 (2018 data) of the large-scale cross-national European Social Survey data in order to shed new light on these currently neglected predictors, pathways, and moderating influences on homopositive attitudes. It used a three-item latent variable to measure the homopositive attitudes outcomes construct. Its explanatory variables were focused across three key sets of factors identified in theoretical and empirical literature (socioeconomics, religiosity, and values) alongside various wider controls. Our analyses made several innovative methodological and empirical contributions to existing debate. Key innovative findings include the original identification of important indirect effects of religious beliefs on homopositive attitudes via religious practices, important indirect effects of education on homopositive attitudes via household income, and the role of national welfare regimes to homopositive attitudes (and with its effects interestingly not moderated by household income).

尽管同性积极性，​​即对同性恋的态度接受，在整个西方社会普遍增加，但在世界某些地区以及某些人口和社会经济群体中仍然存在相当大的同性消极性。尽管之前的跨国研究已经成功地确定了影响同性积极态度的关键因素，但文献忽略了潜在的关键调解途径和调节这些因素之间的相互作用，这些因素可能会解锁对不同个体和地方的同性积极态度的这些变化的更细致的理解。作为回应，本研究创新地将多元结构方程建模方法应用于大规模跨国欧洲社会调查数据的最新第 9 波（2018 年数据），以阐明这些目前被忽视的预测因子、途径和缓和影响同性恋的态度。它使用三项潜在变量来衡量同性态度结果结构。它的解释变量集中在理论和实证文献（社会经济学、宗教信仰和价值观）中确定的三组关键因素以及各种更广泛的控制。我们的分析对现有辩论做出了一些创新的方法论和实证贡献。