ABSTRACT

Limited research has examined prevalence rates and associations related to exchange sex behaviors among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Kazakhstan. This study aimed to examine associations between earlier sexual debuts and lifetime exchange sex behaviors among Kazakhstani MSM. Using data from a National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention trial, we conducted a secondary analysis of self-reported data from 766 adult cisgender MSM in Kazakhstan, who completed structured screening interviews. Earlier sexual debuts were measured as age of sexual onset prior to 16 years old with ages 16 and older as the reference group. Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between earlier sexual debuts and lifetime reports of buying or selling sex for resources, with covariance adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics. The study findings indicated that, among our sample of MSM in Kazakhstan, 23% had sold sex, and 26% had bought sex in their lifetime. Kazakhstani MSM who reported an earlier sexual debut had significantly higher odds of ever selling or buying sex in their lifetime. Future research should examine how consensual and non-consensual sexual activities during childhood and adolescence relate to exchange sex behaviors and risk among MSM.

摘要

有限的研究调查了哈萨克斯坦同性恋、双性恋和其他男男性行为者 (MSM) 中与交换性行为相关的患病率和关联。本研究旨在探讨哈萨克斯坦男男性接触者中较早首次性行为与终生交换性行为之间的关系。我们利用国家药物滥用研究所资助的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 预防试验的数据，对哈萨克斯坦 766 名完成结构化筛选访谈的成年顺性别 MSM 的自我报告数据进行了二次分析。首次性行为早期的测量是 16 岁之前发生性行为的年龄，其中 16 岁及以上作为参考组。使用逻辑回归模型来估计早期性行为与一生中为了资源而买卖性行为的报告之间的关联，并对社会人口特征进行协方差调整。研究结果表明，在哈萨克斯坦的 MSM 样本中，23% 的人一生中曾进行过卖性活动，26% 的人在一生中曾进行过嫖娼行为。报告首次性行为较早的哈萨克斯坦男男性行为者一生中发生性行为的可能性要高得多。未来的研究应该探讨童年和青春期期间自愿和非自愿的性活动与 MSM 之间交换性行为和风险的关系。