Timeliness of information is critical for Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) in Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication to enable highly reliable autonomous driving. However, the current semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) algorithms in the 5th generation New Radio (5G NR) standard can still generate collisions probability, close to 20% with 100 vehicles per kilometer, such that they cannot meet this requirement for BSMs. This paper proposes a Ledger concept, which can communicate collision information to every vehicle in the network within one Resource Reservation Interval (RRI) through the broadcasting of Ledger information. The colliding vehicle is aware that it has collided with other vehicles and will reselect for the next SPS period. Besides that, other protocols follow the SPS. Although it sacrifices 14.29% of resources by including Ledger, it can eventually reduce the collision probability. In this paper, a Monte Carlo simulator is used to verify and analyze the performance of the Ledger system. Numerical results show that abide by the SPS protocol, the Ledger system can make the collision probability converge to zero after amount of RRIs.

中文翻译：

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5G NR V2X 中的轻量级通信高效数据共享方法

信息的及时性对于车联网 (V2X) 通信中的基本安全消息 (BSM) 至关重要，可实现高度可靠的自动驾驶。然而，目前第 5 代新无线电 (5G NR) 标准中的半持久调度 (SPS) 算法仍然会产生碰撞概率，接近 20%，每公里 100 辆车，因此它们无法满足 BSM 的这一要求。本文提出了一种账本概念，通过账本信息的广播，可以在一个资源预留间隔（RRI）内将碰撞信息传递给网络中的每辆车。碰撞车辆意识到它已经与其他车辆发生碰撞，并将重新选择下一个 SPS 周期。除此之外，其他协议都遵循 SPS。虽然它通过包含 Ledger 牺牲了 14.29% 的资源，它最终可以降低碰撞概率。在本文中，使用蒙特卡洛模拟器来验证和分析 Ledger 系统的性能。数值结果表明，在遵守SPS协议的情况下，Ledger系统可以在RRI数量增加后使碰撞概率收敛于零。