Vortex generator (VG) is one of the potential technical tools to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of high-speed trains. The passive control resistance reduction research of a high-speed train is carried out by using VG. Three typical installation locations, including flow separation point, boundary layer mutation and streamline transition location, and several nearby locations were selected to study the effect of VG location on the train aerodynamic characteristics. The results show that the tail car drag is significantly reduced when the VG is arranged at the boundary layer mutation, the tail car’s resistance can be reduced by 15.42%. The tail car reduces resistance by 3.87% when VG is set at the flow separation point. By analyzing the flow field structure, we found that the VG arranged in front of the separation point triggers the flow separation, which destroys the balance between the separation and longitudinal vortex. It effectively reduces the strength of the separation vortex, thereby reducing the tail car’s aerodynamic drag. The research provides a new thought for the aerodynamic resistance reduction of high-speed trains, and is of great significance to break the limitations of traditional aerodynamic drag reduction technology of trains.

涡流发生器（VG）是降低高速列车气动阻力的潜在技术工具之一。利用VG进行高速列车被动控制降阻研究。选取分流点、边界层突变点、流线过渡点等三个典型安装位置及附近几个位置，研究VG位置对列车气动特性的影响。结果表明，VG布置在边界层突变处，尾车阻力明显降低，尾车阻力可降低15.42%。VG设置在分流点尾车减阻3.87%。通过分析流场结构，我们发现布置在分离点前面的 VG 触发了流动分离，这破坏了分离和纵向涡流之间的平衡。有效降低分离涡的强度，从而降低尾车气动阻力。该研究为高速列车气动减阻提供了新思路，对打破传统列车气动减阻技术的局限性具有重要意义。