International privacy and trade law developed together but are now engaged in significant conflict. Current efforts to reconcile the two are likely to fail, and the result for globalization favors the largest international companies able to navigate the regulatory thicket. In a landmark finding, this Article shows that more than sixty countries outside the European Union are now evaluating whether foreign countries have privacy laws that are adequate to receive personal data. This core test for deciding on the permissibility of global data exchanges is currently applied in a nonuniform fashion with ominous results for the data flows that power trade today.

The promise of a global internet, with access for all, including companies from the Global South, is increasingly remote. This Article uncovers the forgotten and fateful history of the international regulation of privacy and trade that led to our current crisis and evaluates possible solutions to the current conflict. It proposes a Global Agreement on Privacy that would be enforced within the trade order, but with external data-privacy experts developing the treaty’s substantive norms.

国际隐私法和贸易法一起发展，但现在存在重大冲突。目前调和两者的努力可能会失败，而全球化的结果有利于能够驾驭监管丛林的最大的国际公司。在一项具有里程碑意义的发现中，本文表明，欧盟以外的 60 多个国家目前正在评估外国是否拥有足以接收个人数据的隐私法。这一决定全球数据交换许可的核心测试目前以不统一的方式应用，对当今推动贸易的数据流产生了不祥的结果。

全球互联网的承诺，包括来自全球南方的公司在内的所有人都可以访问的承诺，越来越遥远。本文揭示了导致我们当前危机的国际隐私和贸易监管被遗忘的决定性历史，并评估了当前冲突的可能解决方案。它提出了一项全球隐私协议，该协议将在贸易秩序中强制执行，但由外部数据隐私专家制定条约的实质性规范。