Abstract. Soil and water efficient management are key factors to ensure olive sustainable production. The use of compost based on olive waste (alperujo) as fertilizer could enhance ecosystem services while the need to transition to a zero waste circular economy is achieved. The present work includes a comparative study of the effect of alperujo compost (AC) vs inorganic fertilization under different management systems: an intensive traditional adult olive grove under rainfed conditions and a young hedgerow olive system, in which a factorial test of tree irrigation regimes (full, deficit and no irrigation) is implemented as well. At the hedgerow plots, the addition of AC and soil sampling time greatly impacted soil chemical parameters and to a lesser extent, enzymatic activities whereas irrigation regimes did not exert a mark influence. In the traditional rainfed system, the addition of AC proved to be an efficient tool for carbon sequestration. The first soil sampling revealed a clear stoichiometric relationship between soil organic matter (SOM) and the NPK contents at both systems whereas the correlations were weak and scarce in the second sampling at the hedgerow plots. This fact was related to a decay of the compost effect. Compost in combination with irrigation tended to trigger a certain priming effect on the native SOM with time since the carbon stocks were reduced between 6–38 % from one sampling to the other in the hedgerow system depending on the irrigation intensity. However, the deficit irrigation caused a less intense reduction of the SOM and essential nutrients representing the best alternative to maximize the agronomics effects of the compost under a water-saving strategy. Recurrent application of compost would be necessary to maintain soil quality, especially with high tree densities. The combined management of AC and the deficit irrigation proved to be an efficient tool toward a zero waste circular economy and a water conservation strategy.

中文翻译：

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地中海条件下橄榄树篱中不同灌溉策略下堆肥的农业利用。与传统系统的比较

摘要。水土高效管理是确保橄榄可持续生产的关键因素。使用基于橄榄废料 (alperujo) 的堆肥作为肥料可以增强生态系统服务，同时实现向零废物循环经济过渡的需要。目前的工作包括对不同管理系统下 alperujo 堆肥 (AC) 与无机施肥效果的比较研究：雨养条件下的集约化传统成年橄榄园和幼树篱橄榄系统，其中树木灌溉制度的析因测试（充分、赤字和无灌溉）也得到实施。在树篱地块，AC 和土壤采样时间的增加极大地影响了土壤化学参数，并且在较小程度上影响了酶活性，而灌溉制度没有产生显着影响。在传统的雨养系统中，添加 AC 被证明是固碳的有效工具。第一次土壤采样揭示了两个系统的土壤有机质 (SOM) 和 NPK 含量之间存在明显的化学计量关系，而在树篱地块的第二次采样中，相关性较弱且稀少。这一事实与堆肥效应的衰减有关。堆肥与灌溉相结合往往会随着时间的推移对原生 SOM 产生一定的启动效应，因为在树篱系统中，根据灌溉强度，碳储量从一个采样到另一个采样减少了 6-38%。然而，赤字灌溉导致 SOM 和必需营养素的减少程度较低，代表了在节水策略下最大化堆肥农艺效果的最佳替代方案。需要反复施用堆肥以保持土壤质量，尤其是在树木密度高的情况下。AC 和亏缺灌溉的联合管理被证明是实现零废物循环经济和节水战略的有效工具。