To reveal the dynamic tensile properties and crack growth law of frozen sandstone under impact loading, dynamic splitting tests (−30–20 °C) with different strain rates were carried out using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB), and the crack growth process of the specimens was captured using a high-speed camera. The study focused on the analysis of dynamic tensile mechanical properties, energy dissipation, crack growth, and failure modes of frozen sandstone. Numerical simulation analyses were also performed using LS-DYNA. The results indicated that: (1) The dynamic tensile strength has an obvious strain rate enhancement effect, and the strain rate sensitivity coefficient increased with a decrease in temperature. The Logistic function can characterize the relationship between the dynamic strain rate enhancement factor and the strain rate of frozen sandstone. (2) In the dynamic Brazilian disk (BD) test, the energy absorption rate showed a transition between the strain rates of 40 s⁻¹ and 50 s⁻¹, and there were two main failure modes of the specimen. The Y-direction secondary crack in mode II was caused by tensile stress in the Z-direction. (3) In the dynamic BD test, the central main crack (CMC) did not occur at the central position first, and its Z-direction propagation rate was linear with the strain rate. In the dynamic flattened Brazilian disk (FBD) test, the condition of CMC initiation was that the platform loading angle ($2\alpha$) was greater than 10°. The dynamic tensile strength increased with an increase in $2\alpha$, and the correction coefficient was introduced in the calculation. This study can serve as a theoretical reference and basis for the study of the dynamic tensile properties of rock-like materials.

为揭示冲击载荷下冻结砂岩的动态拉伸特性和裂纹扩展规律，采用分离式霍普金森压力棒（SHPB）进行了不同应变率的动态劈裂试验（-30~20 °C），以及裂纹扩展过程标本的捕获使用高速相机。该研究重点分析了冻结砂岩的动态拉伸力学特性、能量耗散、裂纹扩展和破坏模式。还使用 LS-DYNA 进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明：（1）动态抗拉强度具有明显的应变率增强效应，应变率敏感系数随温度降低而增大。Logistic函数可以表征动态应变率增强因子与冻砂岩应变率之间的关系。(2) 在动态巴西圆盘(BD)试验中，能量吸收率在40 s的应变率之间呈现出过渡^-1和50 s ^-1，试件主要有两种破坏模式。模式II中的Y方向二次裂纹是由Z方向的拉应力引起的。(3)动态BD试验中，中心主裂纹(CMC)并未首先出现在中心位置，其Z向扩展速率与应变速率呈线性关系。在动态扁平巴西圆盘（FBD）试验中，CMC起爆条件为平台加载角（$\mathrm{2个}\alpha$) 大于 10°。动态抗拉强度随着添加量的增加而增加$\mathrm{2个}\alpha$，并在计算中引入修正系数。该研究可为类岩石材料的动态拉伸特性研究提供理论参考和依据。