Novel integrative elements and genomic plasticity in ocean ecosystems,Cell

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Novel integrative elements and genomic plasticity in ocean ecosystems
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.006
Thomas Hackl ₁ , Raphaël Laurenceau ₂ , Markus J Ankenbrand ₃ , Christina Bliem ₂ , Zev Cariani ₂ , Elaina Thomas ₂ , Keven D Dooley ₂ , Aldo A Arellano ₂ , Shane L Hogle ₂ , Paul Berube ₂ , Gabriel E Leventhal ₂ , Elaine Luo ₄ , John M Eppley ₄ , Ahmed A Zayed ₅ , John Beaulaurier ₆ , Ramunas Stepanauskas ₇ , Matthew B Sullivan ₈ , Edward F DeLong ₄ , Steven J Biller ₉ , Sallie W Chisholm ₁₀

Affiliation

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9700CC Groningen, the Netherlands.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; University of Würzburg, Center for Computational and Theoretical Biology, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography, Research and Education, University of Hawai'i Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
EMERGE Biology Integration Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center of Microbiome Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Oxford Nanopore Technologies Inc, San Francisco, CA 94501, USA.
Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544, USA.
Department of Microbiology & Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; EMERGE Biology Integration Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center of Microbiome Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Wellesley College, Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Horizontal gene transfer accelerates microbial evolution. The marine picocyanobacterium exhibits high genomic plasticity, yet the underlying mechanisms are elusive. Here, we report a novel family of DNA transposons—“tycheposons”—some of which are viral satellites while others carry cargo, such as nutrient-acquisition genes, which shape the genetic variability in this globally abundant genus. Tycheposons share distinctive mobile-lifecycle-linked hallmark genes, including a deep-branching site-specific tyrosine recombinase. Their excision and integration at tRNA genes appear to drive the remodeling of genomic islands—key reservoirs for flexible genes in bacteria. In a selection experiment, tycheposons harboring a nitrate assimilation cassette were dynamically gained and lost, thereby promoting chromosomal rearrangements and host adaptation. Vesicles and phage particles harvested from seawater are enriched in tycheposons, providing a means for their dispersal in the wild. Similar elements are found in microbes co-occurring with , suggesting a common mechanism for microbial diversification in the vast oligotrophic oceans.

中文翻译：

海洋生态系统中的新整合元素和基因组可塑性

水平基因转移加速微生物进化。海洋微微蓝细菌表现出高度的基因组可塑性，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们报告了一个新的 DNA 转座子家族——“tycheposon”——其中一些是病毒卫星，而另一些则携带物质，例如营养获取基因，这些物质塑造了这个全球丰富的属的遗传变异性。 Tycheposons 具有独特的与移动生命周期相关的标志基因，包括深分支位点特异性酪氨酸重组酶。它们在 tRNA 基因上的切除和整合似乎驱动了基因组岛的重塑，而基因组岛是细菌中灵活基因的关键库。在一项选择实验中，带有硝酸盐同化盒的暴波子是动态获得和丢失的，从而促进染色体重排和宿主适应。从海水中收获的囊泡和噬菌体颗粒富含代基子，为它们在野外的传播提供了一种手段。在与共存的微生物中也发现了类似的元素，这表明广阔的寡营养海洋中存在微生物多样化的共同机制。

更新日期：2023-01-05

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