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Novel integrative elements and genomic plasticity in ocean ecosystems
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.006
Thomas Hackl 1 , Raphaël Laurenceau 2 , Markus J Ankenbrand 3 , Christina Bliem 2 , Zev Cariani 2 , Elaina Thomas 2 , Keven D Dooley 2 , Aldo A Arellano 2 , Shane L Hogle 2 , Paul Berube 2 , Gabriel E Leventhal 2 , Elaine Luo 4 , John M Eppley 4 , Ahmed A Zayed 5 , John Beaulaurier 6 , Ramunas Stepanauskas 7 , Matthew B Sullivan 8 , Edward F DeLong 4 , Steven J Biller 9 , Sallie W Chisholm 10
Affiliation  

Horizontal gene transfer accelerates microbial evolution. The marine picocyanobacterium exhibits high genomic plasticity, yet the underlying mechanisms are elusive. Here, we report a novel family of DNA transposons—“tycheposons”—some of which are viral satellites while others carry cargo, such as nutrient-acquisition genes, which shape the genetic variability in this globally abundant genus. Tycheposons share distinctive mobile-lifecycle-linked hallmark genes, including a deep-branching site-specific tyrosine recombinase. Their excision and integration at tRNA genes appear to drive the remodeling of genomic islands—key reservoirs for flexible genes in bacteria. In a selection experiment, tycheposons harboring a nitrate assimilation cassette were dynamically gained and lost, thereby promoting chromosomal rearrangements and host adaptation. Vesicles and phage particles harvested from seawater are enriched in tycheposons, providing a means for their dispersal in the wild. Similar elements are found in microbes co-occurring with , suggesting a common mechanism for microbial diversification in the vast oligotrophic oceans.

中文翻译:


海洋生态系统中的新整合元素和基因组可塑性



水平基因转移加速微生物进化。海洋微微蓝细菌表现出高度的基因组可塑性,但其潜在机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们报告了一个新的 DNA 转座子家族——“tycheposon”——其中一些是病毒卫星,而另一些则携带物质,例如营养获取基因,这些物质塑造了这个全球丰富的属的遗传变异性。 Tycheposons 具有独特的与移动生命周期相关的标志基因,包括深分支位点特异性酪氨酸重组酶。它们在 tRNA 基因上的切除和整合似乎驱动了基因组岛的重塑,而基因组岛是细菌中灵活基因的关键库。在一项选择实验中,带有硝酸盐同化盒的暴波子是动态获得和丢失的,从而促进染色体重排和宿主适应。从海水中收获的囊泡和噬菌体颗粒富含代基子,为它们在野外的传播提供了一种手段。在与 共存的微生物中也发现了类似的元素,这表明广阔的寡营养海洋中存在微生物多样化的共同机制。
更新日期:2023-01-05
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