ABSTRACT

We carried out a systematic review of psycholinguistic, empirical, quantitative studies on verbal irony use and individual differences (i.e. psychological, not demographic, traits that significantly differentiate individuals). Out of 5,967 publications screened, 29, comprising 35 studies in total, were included. Following a qualitative content analysis, six thematic clusters were identified, representing areas of research in individual differences in irony use: (a) psychological well-being, (b) personality traits, (c) humor-related traits, (d) cultural factors, (e) social skills, and (f) cognitive factors. The results of the studies in each cluster are summarized and conclusions for further research are presented. In particular, the systematic review suggests that irony and sarcasm should be clearly delineated as separate, yet related phenomena due to differing patterns of correlations with specific individual differences. Additionally, significant methodological heterogeneity between the studies suggests the need for greater standardization of irony use measures.

摘要

我们对语言反讽的使用和个体差异（即显着区分个体的心理而非人口特征）进行了心理语言学、实证和定量研究的系统回顾。在筛选的 5,967 篇出版物中，纳入了 29 篇，共计 35 项研究。经过定性内容分析，确定了六个主题群，代表了反讽使用个体差异的研究领域：(a) 心理健康，(b) 人格特质，(c) 幽默相关特质，(d) 文化因素，（e）社交技能，和（f）认知因素。总结了每个集群的研究结果，并提出了进一步研究的结论。特别是，系统评价表明讽刺和讽刺应该被清楚地划分为不同的，然而，由于与特定个体差异相关的不同模式，相关现象。此外，研究之间显着的方法异质性表明需要对讽刺使用措施进行更大程度的标准化。