Spin-dependent exotic interactions can be generated by exchanging hypothetical bosons, which were introduced to solve some puzzles in physics. Many precision experiments have been performed to search for such interactions, but no confirmed observations have been made. We propose new experiments to search for the exotic spin-spin interactions that can be mediated by axions or ${\mathrm{Z}}^{\prime }$ bosons. A sensitive functionalized cantilever is utilized as a force sensor to measure the interactions between the spin-polarized electrons in a periodic magnetic source structure and a closed-loop magnetic structure integrated on the cantilever. The source is set to oscillate during data acquisition to modulate the exotic force signal to high harmonics of the oscillating frequency. This helps to suppress the spurious signals at the signal frequency. Different magnetic source structures are designed for different interaction detections. A magnetic stripe structure is designed for ${\mathrm{Z}}^{\prime }$-mediated interactions, which are insensitive to the detection of axion-mediated interactions. This allows us to measure the coupling constant of both if we assume that both exist. With the force sensitivity achievable at low temperatures, the proposed experiments are expected to search for parameter spaces with much smaller coupling constants than the current stringent constraints from micrometer to millimeter range. Specifically, the lower bound of the parameter space will be 7 orders of magnitude lower than the stringent constraints for ${\mathrm{Z}}^{\prime }$-mediated interactions, and an order of magnitude lower for axion-mediated interactions, at the interaction range of $10\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$.

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使用功能化悬臂力传感器在微米尺度上寻找奇异的自旋-自旋相互作用的建议

通过交换假设的玻色子可以产生依赖于自旋的奇异相互作用，引入这些玻色子是为了解决物理学中的一些难题。已经进行了许多精确实验来寻找这种相互作用，但还没有得到证实的观察结果。我们提出了新的实验来寻找可以由轴子或${\mathrm{Z}}^{‘}$玻色子。灵敏的功能化悬臂梁用作力传感器，以测量周期性磁源结构中的自旋极化电子与集成在悬臂梁上的闭环磁结构之间的相互作用。源设置为在数据采集期间振荡，以将外来力信号调制为振荡频率的高次谐波。这有助于抑制信号频率的寄生信号。针对不同的相互作用检测设计了不同的磁源结构。磁条结构专为${\mathrm{Z}}^{‘}$-介导的相互作用，对轴子介导的相互作用的检测不敏感。如果我们假设两者都存在，这使我们能够测量两者的耦合常数。由于在低温下可实现力灵敏度，所提出的实验有望搜索耦合常数比当前从微米到毫米范围的严格限制小得多的参数空间。具体来说，参数空间的下界将比严格约束低 7 个数量级${\mathrm{Z}}^{‘}$-介导的相互作用，并且轴子介导的相互作用低一个数量级，在相互作用范围内$10\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{米}$.