The combination of Augmented Reality (AR) and Digital Twin (DT) has begun to show its potential nowadays, leading to a growing research interest in both academia and industry. Especially under the current human-centric trend, AR embraces the potential to integrate operators into the new generation of Human Cyber–Physical System (HCPS), in which DT is a pillar component. Some review articles have focused on this topic and discussed the benefits of combining AR and DT, but all of them are limited to a specific domain. To fill the gap, this research conducts a state-of-the-art survey (till 17-July-2022) from the AR-assisted DT perspective across different sectors of the industrial field, covering a total of 118 selected publications. Firstly, application scenarios and functions of AR-assisted DT are summarized by following the engineering lifecycle, among which production process, service design, and Human–Machine Interaction (HMI) are hot topics. Then, improvements specifically brought by AR are analyzed according to three dimensions, namely virtual twin, hybrid twin, and cognitive twin, respectively. Finally, challenges and future perspectives of AR-assisted DT for futuristic human-centric industry transformation are proposed, including promoting product design, robotic-related works, cyber–physical interaction, and human ergonomics.

增强现实 (AR) 和数字孪生 (DT) 的结合如今已开始展现其潜力，引起了学术界和工业界日益增长的研究兴趣。特别是在当前以人为中心的趋势下，AR 具有将操作员集成到新一代人类信息物理系统 (HCPS) 中的潜力，其中 DT 是一个支柱组件。一些评论文章已经关注这个主题并讨论了结合 AR 和 DT 的好处，但它们都仅限于特定领域。为了填补这一空白，本研究从 AR 辅助 DT 的角度对工业领域的不同部门进行了最先进的调查（截至 2022 年 7 月 17 日），共涵盖 118 篇选定的出版物。首先，按照工程生命周期总结了AR辅助DT的应用场景和功能，其中生产流程、服务设计和人机交互（HMI）是热门话题。然后，分别从虚拟孪生、混合孪生和认知孪生三个维度分析AR具体带来的改进。最后，提出了 AR 辅助 DT 对未来以人为中心的行业转型的挑战和未来前景，包括促进产品设计、机器人相关工作、网络-物理交互和人体工程学。