ABSTRACT

The concept of ‘gender and development’ is still marginalised and misunderstood. After the armed conflict (2005–2009) and floods (2010) which struck the Swat Valley, Pakistan there was an influx of development organisations into the area. These organisations introduced projects focusing on both men and women, with the intention of assisting them according to their needs and pursuing the higher goal of gender equality. This study, carried out from 2016–2018, used qualitative methods to understand how these development organisations understood the concept of gender and development, and how they implemented it. Data was collected from two villages and two NGOs working in selected villages in the Swat Valley. Analysis reveals that the term ‘gender’ was often misinterpreted by local NGOs, making it difficult for them to see how their projects could contribute to improved well-being of both women and men, in the light of the diversity and dynamics of local gendered norms and relations. Instead of being included from the start as stakeholders, women were often involved as ‘additions’ to projects. Furthermore, NGO workers were not sufficiently trained in how to consider gender in the implementation of projects.

摘要

“性别与发展”的概念仍然被边缘化和误解。在武装冲突（2005-2009 年）和洪水（2010 年）袭击巴基斯坦斯瓦特河谷之后，大量发展组织涌入该地区。这些组织推出了以男性和女性为重点的项目，旨在根据他们的需要帮助他们，追求性别平等的更高目标。这项研究于 2016 年至 2018 年进行，使用定性方法来了解这些发展组织如何理解性别与发展的概念，以及他们如何实施这一概念。数据是从两个村庄和两个在斯瓦特河谷选定村庄工作的非政府组织收集的。分析表明，“性别”一词经常被当地非政府组织误解，鉴于当地性别规范和关系的多样性和动态性，他们很难看到他们的项目如何有助于改善女性和男性的福祉。女性不是从一开始就作为利益相关者被包括在内，而是经常作为项目的“补充”参与进来。此外，非政府组织的工作人员在如何在项目实施中考虑性别方面没有得到足够的培训。