Second language (L2) learners make gender errors with possessive pronouns. In production, these errors are modulated by the gender match between the possessor and possessee noun. We examined whether this so-called match effect extends to L2 comprehension by attempting to replicate a recent study on gender predictions in first language (L1) German speakers (Stone, Veríssimo, et al., 2021). By comparing Spanish and English learners of L2 German whose languages have different possessive constraints, we were able to examine whether the match effect was modulated by the participants’ L1. A first experiment suggested that predictions and match effects were absent in setups with complex visual displays. A second experiment with simpler displays successfully elicited predictions and match effects, but their size was comparable in Spanish and English speakers, inconsistent with crosslinguistic influence. We interpret our results as evidence that processing difficulties with possessives result from memory interference that impacts both L1 and L2 comprehenders.

中文翻译：

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双语理解中的所有格加工

第二语言（L2）学习者在使用所有格代词时会犯性别错误。在生产中，这些错误是通过拥有者和拥有者名词之间的性别匹配来调节的。我们通过尝试复制最近一项关于母语 (L1) 德语使用者性别预测的研究（Stone、Veríssimo 等人，2021）来检验这种所谓的匹配效应是否延伸到 L2 理解。通过比较具有不同所有格约束的第二语言德语的西班牙语和英语学习者，我们能够检查匹配效果是否受到参与者的第一语言的调节。第一个实验表明，在具有复杂视觉显示的设置中不存在预测和匹配效果。第二个使用更简单的显示器的实验成功地引发了预测和匹配效果，但西班牙语和英语使用者的大小相当，与跨语言影响不一致。我们将结果解释为证据，证明所有格处理困难是由影响 L1 和 L2 理解者的记忆干扰造成的。