Towns were dynamic economic and political centers during the Middle Ages, giving rise to the emergence of new social classes. As a result of their functions, a new relationship began to be forged with the rural world, which supplied towns with foodstuffs that satisfied new social demands. Archaeobotanical analysis (carpology) allows us to understand the flow of cash crops by tracing seeds and fruits produced in the countryside that were consumed in and redistributed from the towns. The study of four waterlogged contexts from medieval archaeological sites in the Kingdom of Galicia (Santiago de Compostela, Padrón, and Pontevedra) has provided a set of species that played a crucial role in the economy of the urban dwellers and that possibly were related to differential access or food preferences. Evidence for fruits (grapes, chestnuts, figs, apples, and cherries, among others), garden crops (melon), and cereals (foxtail millet, rye, naked wheat, and oat) has been documented. Broomcorn millet is particularly abundant, demonstrating that it was important for subsistence. Some of the species found (medlar, turnip/grelo) are novel in the archaeobotanical literature of the medieval period in the Iberian Peninsula.

城镇是中世纪充满活力的经济和政治中心，催生了新的社会阶层。由于它们的功能，一种新的关系开始与农村世界建立起来，为城镇提供满足新社会需求的食品。考古植物学分析（carpology）使我们能够通过追踪在城镇消费并从城镇重新分配的农村生产的种子和水果来了解经济作物的流动。对加利西亚王国中世纪考古遗址（圣地亚哥德孔波斯特拉、帕德龙和蓬特维德拉）的四个淹水环境的研究提供了一组在城市居民的经济中发挥关键作用并且可能与差异有关的物种访问或食物偏好。水果的证据（葡萄、栗子、无花果、苹果、和樱桃等）、园艺作物（甜瓜）和谷物（谷子、黑麦、裸麦和燕麦）都有记载。粟特别丰富，证明它对维持生计很重要。发现的一些物种（枸杞子、萝卜/grelo ) 是伊比利亚半岛中世纪时期考古植物学文献中的小说。