Passing knowledge from human to human is a natural process that has continued since the beginning of humankind. Over the past few decades, we have witnessed that knowledge is no longer passed only between humans but also from humans to machines. The latter form of knowledge transfer represents a cornerstone in artificial intelligence (AI) and lays the foundation for knowledge engineering (KE). In order to pass knowledge to machines, humans need to structure, formalize, and make knowledge machine-readable. Subsequently, humans also need to develop software that emulates their decision-making process. In order to engineer chemical knowledge, chemists are often required to challenge their understanding of chemistry and thinking processes, which may help improve the structure of chemical knowledge.

中文翻译：

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化学知识工程：从专家系统到创造代理

知识在人与人之间的传递是自人类诞生以来一直持续的自然过程。在过去的几十年里，我们见证了知识不再只在人与人之间传递，而是在人与机器之间传递。后一种形式的知识转移代表了人工智能 (AI) 的基石，并为知识工程 (KE) 奠定了基础。为了将知识传递给机器，人类需要对知识进行结构化、形式化和机器可读。随后，人类还需要开发模拟其决策过程的软件。为了设计化学知识，化学家通常需要挑战他们对化学的理解和思维过程，这可能有助于改善化学知识的结构。