Entrepreneurship researchers commonly use survey-based research designs. However, surveying entrepreneurs poses unique challenges. A principal concern for survey-based research is nonresponse bias, which occurs when survey respondents systematically differ from those who were sampled but did not participate in the study. To address this concern, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to determine what practices are currently being used to address nonresponse bias (142 articles, 180 surveying efforts) and conducted multiple studies to determine the extent to which nonresponse bias can affect statistical results. Based on these efforts, we present a series of techniques and a checklist that entrepreneurship scholars and reviewers and editors can consider to mitigate the risk of nonresponse bias prior to, and following, their data collection efforts.

中文翻译：

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基于调查的创业研究中的无回应偏差：回顾、调查和建议

创业研究人员通常使用基于调查的研究设计。然而，调查企业家提出了独特的挑战。基于调查的研究的一个主要问题是无答复偏差，当调查受访者与那些被抽样但未参与研究的受访者存在系统性差异时，就会出现这种情况。为了解决这个问题，我们对文献进行了系统回顾，以确定目前正在使用哪些做法来解决无答复偏差（142 篇文章，180 项调查工作），并进行了多项研究以确定无答复偏差对统计结果的影响程度。基于这些努力，我们提出了一系列技术和清单，创业学者、审稿人和编辑可以考虑在以下方面减轻不回应偏见的风险：