In order to reduce the emission of smoke and toxic gases during the combustion of epoxy resin (EP), inspired by the structure of “flowers after rain,” a novel low-cost flame retardant (FMH@ZHS) was prepared by using flower-like magnesium hydroxide (FMH) as the flower and zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS) as the raindrop. The tensile strength of EP/3FMH@ZHS increased by 13.7% compared with EP/3FMH. Moreover, the 3 wt% FMH@ZHS hybrid material increased the limited oxygen index value of the EP composite to 27.6% while suppressing the dripping phenomenon during combustion, achieving self-extinguishing characteristic. Meanwhile, compared with pure EP, peak heat release rate, peak smoke production rate, total smoke production, and peak carbon monoxide production rate of EP/3FMH@ZHS decreased by 34.6%, 55.6%, 41.8%, and 50.0%, respectively. The flame retardant mechanism showed that during the combustion process, the catalytic char formation of magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, and stannic oxide generated from FMH@ZSH can promote the formation of a denser and continuous char layer, inhibiting the transport of flammable gases, toxic gases and heat and improving the fire safety of EP composites. In conclusion, this biomimetic material provided a good approach for the industrial application of EP.

中文翻译：

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羟基锡酸锌滴加氢氧化镁花增强环氧树脂抑烟减毒性能

为了减少环氧树脂（EP）燃烧过程中烟尘和有毒气体的排放，受“雨后花”的结构启发，采用花-像氢氧化镁 (FMH) 作为花和羟基锡酸锌 (ZHS) 作为雨滴。与EP/3FMH相比，EP/3FMH@ZHS的拉伸强度提高了13.7%。此外，3 wt% FMH@ZHS 杂化材料将 EP 复合材料的极限氧指数值提高到 27.6%，同时抑制了燃烧过程中的滴落现象，实现了自熄特性。同时，与纯EP相比，EP/3FMH@ZHS的峰值放热率、峰值产烟率、总产烟量和峰值一氧化碳产率分别降低了34.6%、55.6%、41.8%和50.0%。阻燃机理表明，在燃烧过程中，FMH@ZSH产生的氧化镁、氧化锌和氧化锡催化成炭，可以促进形成更致密连续的炭层，抑制可燃气体、有毒气体的传递气体和热量，提高 EP 复合材料的防火安全性。总之，这种仿生材料为EP的工业应用提供了很好的途径。