Lithium metal is considered to be the “Holy Grail” of battery anodes. However, the inhomogeneous deposition of lithium ions on the anode surface readily generates lithium dendrites, which leads to severe hidden danger. Particularly in lithium-sulfur batteries, the insulated Li₂S caused by the reaction of lithium and polysulfide lithium aggravates the one-dimensional deposition of lithium ions. Meanwhile, the corrosion of lithium metal is the main reason for the decrease in lithium-sulfur capacity. Anodes made from alloys are an effective solution, while they sacrifice energy density. Here, we adopted an in-situ electrochemical reduction method for fabricating a very thin, low-resistance, low-reactivity LiGa alloy layer with uniform Li deposition sites on the Li metal surface in order to suppress side reactions with sulfides and dendrites. Furthermore, excellent electrochemical kinetics, high specific capacity, and high stability are also obtained in lithium-sulfur batteries with the LiGa layer. The alloy layer-based cells delivered a long cycle lifespan and a high capacity under high sulfur-loading, low Electrolyte/Sulfur ratio (5.0 µL mg-1) and thin lithium flakes (50 µm). This surface regulation engineering could be applied to the high-load systems and pouch cells, which provides a new solution for the prospect of industrialization.

锂金属被认为是电池阳极的“圣杯”。然而，锂离子在负极表面的不均匀沉积容易产生锂枝晶，存在严重的隐患。特别是在锂硫电池中，绝缘的 Li ₂锂与多硫化物锂反应产生的S加剧了锂离子的一维沉积。同时，锂金属的腐蚀是造成锂硫容量下降的主要原因。由合金制成的阳极是一种有效的解决方案，但它们会牺牲能量密度。在这里，我们采用原位电化学还原方法制造了一种非常薄、低电阻、低反应性的 LiGa 合金层，在锂金属表面具有均匀的锂沉积位点，以抑制与硫化物和枝晶的副反应。此外，具有LiGa层的锂硫电池还具有优异的电化学动力学、高比容量和高稳定性。基于合金层的电池在高硫负载下具有长循环寿命和高容量，低电解质/硫磺比 (5.0 µL mg-1) 和薄锂片 (50 µm)。这种表面调控工程可以应用于高负载系统和软包电池，为产业化前景提供了新的解决方案。