To develop an eco-friendly biomass adsorbent for indoor formaldehyde, porous bamboo carbon microfibers (BCMFs) with different types and contents of oxygen (O)-containing and nitrogen (N)-containing functional groups were firstly prepared by combining high-pressure steam explosion, carbonization, and plasma activation. The BCMF adsorbents were characterized, and their adsorption performance and mechanism were evaluated and theoretically calculated. BCMF carbonized at 800 °C (BCMF-800) showed the highest specific surface area of 526.862 m g. The surfaces of the BCMFs were etched, with many additional micro/nanoscale pores and cavities. Functional groups, including O–CO, CO, CO, quaternary N, oxidized N, pyridinic N, amine N, and pyrrolic N were successfully introduced by plasma activation at various powers and atmospheres. BCMF-800 samples activated by O plasma at 240 W (BCMF-800-O-240) and by N at 120 W (BCMF-800-N-120) exhibited the highest formaldehyde adsorption capacities (179.53 mg g and 205.28 mg g), which were 85.90 % and 112.50 % higher than that of BCMF-800, respectively. The samples introduced by carboxyl and pyrrolic N showed the highest adsorption energies (−14.54 kcal mol and −11.58 kcal mol) with an increase of 83.82 % and 46.40 %, respectively, compared with the control, which were proved to be the optimal O-containing and N-containing functional groups for enhancing formaldehyde adsorption. This work provides a new insight into the natural biomass-based adsorbents for gaseous formaldehyde with a clean and eco-friendly preparation and modification process.

中文翻译：

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通过蒸汽爆破、碳化和等离子体活化获得的环保多孔竹碳微纤维吸附气态甲醛


为了开发一种用于室内甲醛的环保生物质吸附剂，首先采用高压蒸汽爆破相结合的方法制备了不同类型和含量的含氧（O）和含氮（N）官能团的多孔竹碳微纤维（BCMF） 、碳化和等离子体活化。对BCMF吸附剂进行了表征，对其吸附性能和吸附机理进行了评价和理论计算。 800 °C 碳化的 BCMF (BCMF-800) 显示出最高的比表面积，为 526.862 m g。 BCMF 的表面经过蚀刻，具有许多额外的微/纳米级孔隙和空腔。通过在不同功率和气氛下的等离子体活化成功引入了O-CO、CO、CO、季氮、氧化氮、吡啶氮、胺氮和吡咯氮等官能团。 BCMF-800 样品经 240 W 的 O 等离子体 (BCMF-800-O-240) 和 120 W 的 N 等离子体 (BCMF-800-N-120) 活化，表现出最高的甲醛吸附能力（179.53 mg g 和 205.28 mg g） ，分别比BCMF-800高85.90%和112.50%。引入羧基和吡咯N的样品表现出最高的吸附能（-14.54 kcal mol和-11.58 kcal mol），与对照相比分别增加了83.82 %和46.40 %，被证明是最佳的O-含和含氮官能团，用于增强甲醛吸附。这项工作通过清洁、环保的制备和改性工艺，为气态甲醛的天然生物质吸附剂提供了新的见解。