To provide users with more realistic visual experiences, videos are developing in the trends of Ultra High Definition (UHD), High Frame Rate (HFR), High Dynamic Range (HDR), Wide Color Gammut (WCG), and high clarity. However, the data amount of videos increases exponentially, which requires high efficiency video compression for storage and network transmission. Perceptually optimized video coding aims to maximize compression efficiency by exploiting visual redundancies. In this article, we present a broad and systematic survey on perceptually optimized video coding. Firstly, we present problem formulation and framework of the perceptually optimized video coding, which includes visual perception modeling, visual quality assessment, and perceptual video coding optimization. Secondly, recent advances on visual factors, computational perceptual models, and quality assessment models are presented. Thirdly, we review perceptual video coding optimizations from four key aspects, including perceptually optimized bit allocation, rate-distortion optimization, transform and quantization, and filtering and enhancement. In each part, problem formulation, working flow, recent advances, advantages, and challenges are presented. Fourthly, perceptual coding performances of the latest coding standards and tools are experimentally analyzed. Finally, challenging issues and future opportunities are identified.

为了给用户提供更逼真的视觉体验，视频正朝着超高清（UHD）、高帧率（HFR）、高动态范围（HDR）、广色域（WCG）和高清晰度的方向发展。然而，视频的数据量呈指数级增长，需要高效的视频压缩进行存储和网络传输。感知优化的视频编码旨在通过利用视觉冗余来最大化压缩效率。在本文中，我们对感知优化的视频编码进行了广泛而系统的调查。首先，我们提出了感知优化视频编码的问题表述和框架，包括视觉感知建模、视觉质量评估和感知视频编码优化。其次，视觉因素、计算感知模型的最新进展，并提出了质量评估模型。第三，我们从四个关键方面回顾了感知视频编码优化，包括感知优化比特分配、率失真优化、变换和量化以及过滤和增强。在每一部分中，都会介绍问题的表述、工作流程、最新进展、优势和挑战。第四，对最新编码标准和工具的感知编码性能进行了实验分析。最后，确定具有挑战性的问题和未来的机会。介绍了工作流程、最新进展、优势和挑战。第四，对最新编码标准和工具的感知编码性能进行了实验分析。最后，确定具有挑战性的问题和未来的机会。介绍了工作流程、最新进展、优势和挑战。第四，对最新编码标准和工具的感知编码性能进行了实验分析。最后，确定具有挑战性的问题和未来的机会。