The holographic principle, theorized to be a property of quantum gravity, postulates that the description of a volume of space can be encoded on a lower-dimensional boundary. The anti-de Sitter (AdS)/conformal field theory correspondence or duality¹ is the principal example of holography. The Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev (SYK) model of N ≫ 1 Majorana fermions^2,3 has features suggesting the existence of a gravitational dual in AdS₂, and is a new realization of holography^4,5,6. We invoke the holographic correspondence of the SYK many-body system and gravity to probe the conjectured ER=EPR relation between entanglement and spacetime geometry^7,8 through the traversable wormhole mechanism as implemented in the SYK model^9,10. A qubit can be used to probe the SYK traversable wormhole dynamics through the corresponding teleportation protocol⁹. This can be realized as a quantum circuit, equivalent to the gravitational picture in the semiclassical limit of an infinite number of qubits⁹. Here we use learning techniques to construct a sparsified SYK model that we experimentally realize with 164 two-qubit gates on a nine-qubit circuit and observe the corresponding traversable wormhole dynamics. Despite its approximate nature, the sparsified SYK model preserves key properties of the traversable wormhole physics: perfect size winding^11,12,13, coupling on either side of the wormhole that is consistent with a negative energy shockwave¹⁴, a Shapiro time delay¹⁵, causal time-order of signals emerging from the wormhole, and scrambling and thermalization dynamics^16,17. Our experiment was run on the Google Sycamore processor. By interrogating a two-dimensional gravity dual system, our work represents a step towards a program for studying quantum gravity in the laboratory. Future developments will require improved hardware scalability and performance as well as theoretical developments including higher-dimensional quantum gravity duals¹⁸ and other SYK-like models¹⁹.

全息原理，理论上是量子引力的一个特性，假设空间体积的描述可以在较低维度的边界上编码。反德西特 (AdS)/共形场论对应或对偶性¹是全息术的主要示例。N  ≫  1 马约拉纳费米子^2,3的 Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) 模型具有表明 AdS ₂中存在引力对偶的特征，并且是全息术^4,5,6的新实现。我们调用 SYK 多体系统和引力的全息对应来探测纠缠与时空几何之间推测的 ER=EPR 关系^{7,8通过 SYK 模型9,10}中实施的可穿越虫洞机制。^{一个量子位可用于通过相应的隐形传态协议9}探测 SYK 可穿越虫洞动力学。这可以实现为量子电路，相当于无限数量的量子比特⁹的半经典极限中的引力图。在这里，我们使用学习技术构建一个稀疏化的 SYK 模型，我们在九量子位电路上通过实验实现了 164 个二量子位门，并观察了相应的可穿越虫洞动力学。尽管具有近似性质，但稀疏化 SYK 模型保留了可穿越虫洞物理学的关键属性：完美尺寸绕组^{11,12,13，与负能量冲击波14}、夏皮罗时间延迟¹⁵、从虫洞中出现的信号的因果时间顺序以及加扰和热化动力学^16,17一致的虫洞两侧的耦合。我们的实验是在 Google Sycamore 处理器上运行的。通过询问二维引力对偶系统，我们的工作代表了朝着在实验室研究量子引力的计划迈出的一步。未来的发展将需要改进的硬件可扩展性和性能以及理论发展，包括高维量子引力对偶¹⁸和其他类似 SYK 的模型¹⁹。