Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were applied to analyze metabolites in perilla leaves (PLs) during its developmental process. In total, 118 metabolites were identified, including volatile and non-volatile compounds, such as terpenoids, sugars, amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and others. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated great variations of metabolites during PLs development. Clustering analysis (CA) clarified the dynamic patterns of the metabolites. The heatmap of CA showed that most of the detected metabolites were significantly accumulated at stage 4 which is the pre anthesis period, and declined afterwards. The results of the present study provide a comprehensive overview of the metabolic dynamics of developing PLs which suggested that pre anthesis period is the best harvest time for PLs.

中文翻译：

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发育中的紫苏叶的代谢组学分析揭示了最佳收获时间

应用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱 (UPLC-MS) 和气相色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 分析紫苏叶 (PLs) 在其发育过程中的代谢物。总共鉴定出 118 种代谢物，包括挥发性和非挥发性化合物，如萜类化合物、糖类、氨基酸、有机酸、脂肪酸、酚酸、类黄酮等。主成分分析 (PCA) 表明在 PL 开发过程中代谢物存在很大差异。聚类分析 (CA) 阐明了代谢物的动态模式。CA 的热图显示，大多数检测到的代谢物在第 4 阶段（即开花前期）显着积累，然后下降。