Autistic adults are a high-risk population for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). Accordingly, this systematic review aims to review the prevalence of STBs among autistic adults, review the risk and protective factors for STBs in autistic adults, and formulate a disorder-specific conceptualization of risk in this population. We systematically searched PsycINFO and Google Scholar for all studies published prior to March 28th, 2022. We included empirical articles focused on autistic adults, ages 18 years and older, reporting on suicide-related outcomes. In total, 45 peer-reviewed empirical articles were included in the current systematic review. The most frequently studied factors in relation to suicide risk among autistic adults were interpersonal constructs (42.4% of total studies looking at risk/protective factors) and depressive symptoms (36.4% of total studies looking at risk/protective factors). We conclude by summarize two key content areas: exploring social and interpersonal constructs and better understanding the role of depressive symptoms in autism. As researchers continue to explore STBs among autistic adults, it will be necessary to addressing the overreliance on autistic symptoms instead of autism diagnoses, measurement issues of STBs, and a need for treatment adaptations.

自闭症成人是自杀念头和行为 (STB) 的高危人群。因此，本系统评价旨在回顾自闭症成人中 STB 的患病率，回顾自闭症成人中 STB 的风险和保护因素，并制定该人群中特定疾病的风险概念。我们系统地在 PsycINFO 和谷歌学术搜索中搜索了 2022 年 3 月 28 日之前发表的所有研究。我们收录了针对 18 岁及以上自闭症成年人的实证文章，报告了与自杀相关的结果。总共有 45 篇经过同行评审的实证文章被纳入当前的系统评价。与自闭症成人自杀风险相关的最常研究的因素是人际结构 (42. 4% 的研究关注风险/保护因素）和抑郁症状（36.4% 的研究关注风险/保护因素）。我们总结了两个关键内容领域：探索社会和人际关系结构，以及更好地理解抑郁症状在自闭症中的作用。随着研究人员继续在自闭症成人中探索 STB，有必要解决过度依赖自闭症症状而不是自闭症诊断、STB 测量问题以及治疗适应性需求的问题。