A series of novel β-carboline derivatives was designed, synthesized and evaluated as potential anticancer agents. Among them, compound 6g showed the most potent antiproliferative activity against the 786–0, HT-29 and 22RV1 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 2.71, 2.02, and 3.86 μM, respectively. The antitumor efficiency of compound 6g in vivo was also evaluated, and the results revealed that compound 6g significantly suppressed tumor development and reduced tumor weight in a mouse colorectal cancer homograft model. Further investigation on mechanisms of action demonstrated that compound 6g inhibited HCT116 cell growth by stimulating the ATG5/ATG7-dependent autophagic pathway. These molecules might be served as candidates for further development of colorectal cancer therapy agent.

设计、合成并评估了一系列新型 β-咔啉衍生物作为潜在的抗癌药物。其中，化合物6g对 786-0、HT-29 和 22RV1 细胞系表现出最强的抗增殖活性，IC ₅₀值分别为 2.71、2.02 和 3.86 μM。还评估了化合物6g 在体内的抗肿瘤效率，结果显示化合物6g在小鼠结直肠癌同种移植模型中显着抑制肿瘤发展并减轻肿瘤重量。进一步研究作用机制表明，化合物6g通过刺激 ATG5/ATG7 依赖性自噬途径抑制 HCT116 细胞生长。这些分子可能作为进一步开发结直肠癌治疗药物的候选分子。