Fabrication of low-cost, uniform size, and binder-free nanomaterials via contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE) for high performance supercapacitors is still a great challenge. In this work, by utilizing the CGDE method as a template, the rapid synthesis of two different morphologies of Mn₃O₄ nanostructures through a one-step liquid plasma discharge deposition (LPDD) method is proposed and demonstrated. The two uniform nano-octahedron and nano-sheet Mn₃O₄ structures are grown upon the different electric field orientations under a low DC voltage. The transportation of ions is dependent on the electrical field direction leading to the formation of different nanostructures. Upon the horizontal electric field to the grown substrate, the Ostwald ripening effect is dominant in the growth process of single-crystalline Mn₃O₄ nano-octahedra, which exhibits high crystallinity and geometric symmetry with a side length of 40 nm. In contrast, the hydrothermal effect assists in the formation of Mn₃O₄ nano-sheet when the electrical field is perpendicular to the substrate. The continuous transportation of ions promotes the fast growth of ultra-thin and porous Mn₃O₄ polycrystalline nano-sheets. The binder-free nano-sheet Mn₃O₄/carbon composite electrode delivers a higher specific capacitive (488 F g⁻¹) and remarkable cycle life (10,000 cycles; 99.1% capacity retention). This work addresses a facial, cost-effective, and scalable path of the production of nanostructures with different morphologies simply by the operation of an electric field.

通过接触辉光放电电解 (CGDE) 制造低成本、尺寸均匀且无粘合剂的纳米材料用于高性能超级电容器仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这项工作中，通过利用 CGDE 方法作为模板，提出并演示了通过一步液体等离子体放电沉积 (LPDD) 方法快速合成两种不同形貌的 Mn ₃ O _{4纳米结构。}两个均匀的纳米八面体和纳米片Mn ₃ O ₄在低直流电压下，结构在不同的电场方向上生长。离子的传输取决于导致不同纳米结构形成的电场方向。在生长衬底的水平电场作用下，单晶Mn ₃ O ₄纳米八面体的生长过程中奥斯特瓦尔德熟化效应占主导地位，具有高结晶度和几何对称性，边长为40 nm。相反，当电场垂直于基板时，水热效应有助于Mn ₃ O _{4纳米片的形成。}离子的连续传输促进超薄多孔Mn ₃ O的快速生长_4个多晶纳米片。无粘合剂纳米片 Mn ₃ O ₄ /碳复合电极具有更高的比电容 (488 F g ⁻¹ ) 和出色的循环寿命（10,000 次循环；99.1% 的容量保持率）。这项工作解决了通过电场的操作简单地生产具有不同形态的纳米结构的面部、成本效益和可扩展的路径。