As the transportation industry continues to evolve, it is urgent that we develop and implement methods for clearly evaluating the range of transportation engineering, planning, and policy impacts experienced by various population segments. While theories of transportation equity have advanced over the past decade, such advancements outpace existing methods for evaluating the fairness of large-scale transportation investments for disadvantaged communities. In this study, a regional activity-based travel model for the Bay Area, California is used to perform an equity analysis of two of the region’s transportation and land-use planning scenarios. Equity outcomes are tested relative to three equity standards: Equality, Proportionality, and Rawlsian justice. The primary objective is to demonstrate the usefulness of a full-scale activity-based travel model for regional transportation equity analysis. We demonstrate that fine-grained distributional measures play an important role in examining the individual and household-level impacts of regional transportation scenarios, and can complement existing Environmental Justice assessments and equity analyses by helping to explain underlying reasons for average group impacts. Distributional measures can further reveal harmful cases when disadvantaged groups are most likely to experience the disbenefits of the transportation scenarios. Yet, each type of measures in isolation does not tell the complete story of which planning scenario is likely to deliver more equitable outcomes. Finally, we demonstrate the significance of applying equity standards for ranking planning scenarios, and we find that the ranking of scenarios will vary according to the equity standard, as well as how associated evaluation criteria are defined.

随着交通运输行业的不断发展，我们迫切需要开发和实施方法，以明确评估交通工程、规划和政策对不同人群的影响范围。虽然交通公平理论在过去十年中取得了进步，但这种进步超过了现有的评估弱势社区大规模交通投资公平性的方法。在本研究中，加利福尼亚湾区基于区域活动的旅行模型用于对该区域的两个交通和土地使用规划方案进行公平分析。公平结果根据三个公平标准进行测试：平等、比例和罗尔斯正义。主要目标是证明基于活动的全面旅行模型对区域交通公平分析的有用性。我们证明，细粒度的分配措施在检查区域交通情景的个人和家庭层面的影响方面发挥着重要作用，并且可以通过帮助解释平均群体影响的根本原因来补充现有的环境正义评估和公平分析。当弱势群体最有可能体验到交通情景的不利影响时，分配措施可以进一步揭示有害案例。然而，孤立的每种类型的措施并不能说明哪种规划方案可能会产生更公平的结果的完整故事。最后，