Wide-area fault location (WAFL) refers to the estimation of fault distance on the faulted line using PMU data. A system of linear equations is formulated for WAFL, taking advantage of both voltage and current synchrophasors. This results in a generalized closed-form solution for the fault distance using the weighted least-squares method. The main contribution of the letter is the rigorous derivation of the equation weights based on the statistical distributions of the superimposed errors, i.e., the differences between the errors of the corresponding pre- and post-fault synchrophasors. The method's effectiveness, robustness against different factors, and superiority over existing methods are demonstrated by extensive simulations and comparison studies conducted on the IEEE 39-bus test system.

中文翻译：

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通过表征叠加误差分布的广域故障定位广义闭环解

广域故障测距 (WAFL) 是指使用 PMU 数据估计故障线路上的故障距离。利用电压和电流同步相量，为 WAFL 制定了一个线性方程组。这导致使用加权最小二乘法的故障距离的广义封闭形式解。这封信的主要贡献是基于叠加误差的统计分布严格推导了方程权重，即相应的故障前后同步相量的误差之间的差异。在 IEEE 39 总线测试系统上进行的广泛模拟和比较研究证明了该方法的有效性、针对不同因素的鲁棒性以及优于现有方法的优势。