Globally, the need for railways to adapt to the impacts of climate change is increasing rapidly. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) have been identified as potential climate change adaptation (CCA) options for rail infrastructure; however, the limited number of examples of their application on railways highlights that many factors still need to be considered to enable their wider implementation. This study identifies barriers to NbS uptake by the rail industry through a systematic literature review, categorising them into seven key themes, whilst also considering potential tools to facilitate their uptake. The ongoing development of NbS standards and guidance is confirmed as a means to resolve the barriers likely to be faced. A framework to support the uptake of NbS in the rail industry is presented and discussed in the context of the existing literature, with climate change risk assessments being recognised as the entry point for CCA in rail infrastructure management.

在全球范围内，铁路适应气候变化影响的需求正在迅速增加。基于自然的解决方案 (NbS) 已被确定为铁路基础设施的潜在气候变化适应 (CCA) 选项；然而，它们在铁路上应用的例子数量有限，这表明仍需要考虑许多因素才能更广泛地实施它们。本研究通过系统的文献回顾确定了铁路行业采用 NbS 的障碍，将其分为七个关键主题，同时还考虑了促进其采用的潜在工具。NbS 标准和指南的持续发展被确认为解决可能面临的障碍的一种手段。