The present study attempts to characterise Fagaceae kernels as a promising source of nutritional compounds for potential use as novel food ingredients. Thus, the proximate and mineral composition of some kernels (beech achene-BA, sessile oak acorn-SOA, turkey oak acorn-TOA, and red oak acorn-ROA), total phenolic content, individual polyphenols, and cytotoxicity of their aqueous extracts, respectively, the fatty acid composition of kernel oils were investigated using physicochemical and analytical techniques. Results revealed that BAK is rich in lipid and protein, OAKs in carbohydrates. All tested kernels contain high oleic-linoleic acid oils. BAK is abundant in phenolic acids, OAKs in hydrolysable tannins. Only BA and SOA kernels exert cytotoxicity against human fibroblasts. In all kernels, macroelements are dominated by K and microelements by Cu, Mn, and Fe. In conclusion, BA and OA kernels could be alternatively used as protein-rich, respectively, starch-rich ingredients in food.

本研究试图将壳斗科植物的核仁描述为一种有前途的营养化合物来源，可用作新型食品成分。因此，某些核仁（山毛榉瘦果-BA、无柄橡树橡子-SOA、火鸡橡树橡子-TOA 和红橡树橡子-ROA）的近似和矿物质组成、总酚含量、单个多酚及其水提取物的细胞毒性，分别使用物理化学和分析技术研究了仁油的脂肪酸组成。结果显示，BAK富含脂质和蛋白质，OAKs富含碳水化合物。所有经过测试的籽粒均含有高油酸-亚油酸油。BAK 富含酚酸，OAK 富含可水解的单宁。只有 BA 和 SOA 内核对人成纤维细胞产生细胞毒性。在所有谷粒中，常量元素以 K 为主，微量元素以 Cu 为主，锰和铁。总之，BA 和 OA 籽粒可以交替用作食物中富含蛋白质和富含淀粉的成分。