2-Hexadecenal (2-HD)—a biologically active long-chain fatty aldehyde formed in organism enzymatically or nonenzymatically in the reaction of free-radical destruction of sphingolipids under the action of hypochlorous acid, producing by myeloperoxidase. This research aimed to study 2-HD effects on polymorphonuclear leukocytes’ (PMNLs) functions. It has been shown that at submicromolar concentrations, 2-HD causes an elevation in ROS production by PMNLs. It has been found that such effect is associated with signal transduction pathways modification and expressed in elevation of NADPH oxidase, MPO, and JNK-MAPK contributions to this process. At higher concentrations, 2-HD induces apoptosis, which correlates with a significant increase in free Ca²⁺ in the cytoplasm, a decrease in ROS production, and a decline in mitochondrial potential. Both of these processes are accompanied by cytoskeleton reorganization.

2-十六醛(2-HD)——一种具有生物活性的长链脂肪醛，在生物体中通过髓过氧化物酶产生的次氯酸作用下鞘脂的自由基破坏反应，以酶促或非酶促的方式形成。本研究旨在研究 2-HD 对多形核白细胞 (PMNLs) 功能的影响。已经表明，在亚微摩尔浓度下，2-HD 会导致 PMNL 产生的 ROS 增加。已发现这种效应与信号转导通路修饰有关，并表现为 NADPH 氧化酶、MPO 和 JNK-MAPK 对该过程的贡献升高。^{在较高浓度下，2-HD 诱导细胞凋亡，这与游离 Ca 2+}的显着增加相关在细胞质中，ROS 产生减少，线粒体电位下降。这两个过程都伴随着细胞骨架重组。