Volunteers serve as the largest labor force in a mega sporting event and may become ambassadors for the host city and event. Volunteers at a mega sporting event are considered the co-creators because they mentally and physically participate in the event from start to finish. Therefore, understanding the role of volunteers as co-creators is critical. Volunteers can also have experiences as tourists, because they tend to spend their free time by sightseeing in the host city. However, the tourist and co-creation experiences of volunteers remain underexplored. Therefore, this study aims to empirically explore the experience of volunteers in the host city, by considering the broader perspectives of volunteers. A survey questionnaire was administered to volunteers at the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics. A latent moderated structural equation (LMS) modeling was employed to test the established hypotheses. The findings demonstrated that volunteers hold experiences as tourists and co-creators, and these experiences influence the perceived value of the event.

志愿者是大型体育赛事中最大的劳动力，并可能成为主办城市和赛事的大使。大型体育赛事的志愿者被认为是共同创造者，因为他们从头到尾都在精神上和身体上参与了赛事。因此，了解志愿者作为共同创造者的作用至关重要。志愿者也可以有游客的经历，因为他们往往会在空闲时间在主办城市观光。然而，志愿者的旅游和共同创造经验仍未得到充分探索。因此，本研究旨在通过考虑志愿者更广泛的视角，实证探索主办城市志愿者的体验。对 2018 年平昌冬奥会志愿者进行了问卷调查。采用潜在调节结构方程 (LMS) 模型来检验已建立的假设。调查结果表明，志愿者拥有游客和共同创造者的经历，这些经历会影响事件的感知价值。