Energy Neutrality is the need of the hour for future Cyber-physical infrastructure. Many past research works suggest low duty cycle networking for energy-efficient wireless sensor network; however, research problem still persist as these proposals have some practical deployment bottlenecks like sleep-latency and may trade-off with data-fidelity and Quality-of-Service (QoS) parameters. The research objective of this work is to propose a novel design for wireless sensor–actuator mote system to minimize energy consumption and compensate with harvesting to achieve energy neutral operation in multi-hop Wireless Sensor and Actuator Network (WSAN); A network scenario that is much needed for Internet of Thing (IoT) applications in future ready Next-gen Cyber Physical System (NG-CPS). In this paper, we have proposed a novel state-of-the-art Multi-Access/Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) assisted Low-Duty-Cycle Scheduling of Trans-Receiver for Store-Process-Then-Forward (LDCS-TR-SPTF) scheme in multi-hop WSAN for reducing the overall energy consumption. In addition to energy conservation, we have also proposed a hybrid harvesting to compensate energy to achieve energy neutral self-sustainable NG-CPS. The proposed novel LDCS-TR-SPTF has been implemented on multiple custom-made sensor–actuator motes equipped with ARM-based System-on-Chip (SoC) and IEEE 802.11 network interface. These motes are working both as end-nodes and relay nodes in a multi-hop WSAN testbed scenario for testing and validation of our proposed scheme. The results are promising with an overall energy conservation of 49.1% using our novel LDCS-TR-SPTF in comparison to stock IEEE 802.11. We have implemented solar energy harvester on wireless sensor–actuator motes to compensate the reduced energy consumption and achieved complete energy-neutrality. Motes are completely energy-autonomous in multi-hop WSAN scenario by eliminating the need of access to external power-grid for future cyber–physical system.

能源中立是未来网络物理基础设施的迫切需要。许多过去的研究工作建议低占空比网络用于节能无线传感器网络；然而，研究问题仍然存在，因为这些提案存在一些实际部署瓶颈，如睡眠延迟，并且可能会与数据保真度和服务质量 (QoS) 参数进行权衡。这项工作的研究目标是为无线传感器-执行器微尘系统提出一种新颖的设计，以最大限度地减少能量消耗并通过收集进行补偿，以在多跳无线传感器和执行器网络 (WSAN) 中实现能量中性运行；未来就绪的下一代网络物理系统 (NG-CPS) 中物联网 (IoT) 应用程序非常需要的网络场景。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的最先进的多路访问/移动边缘计算 (MEC) 辅助低占空比调度传输接收器的存储处理然后转发 (LDCS-TR-SPTF) 方案多跳 WSAN，用于降低整体能耗。除了节能之外，我们还提出了一种混合收集来补偿能量，以实现能量中性的自持 NG-CPS。拟议的新型 LDCS-TR-SPTF 已在多个配备基于 ARM 的片上系统 (SoC) 和 IEEE 802.11 网络接口的定制传感器-执行器微尘上实现。这些微尘在多跳 WSAN 测试平台场景中作为端节点和中继节点工作，用于测试和验证我们提出的方案。与库存 IEEE 802 相比，使用我们的新型 LDCS-TR-SPTF 整体节能 49.1%，结果很有希望。11. 我们在无线传感器-执行器微尘上实施了太阳能收集器，以补偿减少的能源消耗并实现完全的能源中立。通过消除对未来网络物理系统访问外部电网的需要，微尘在多跳 WSAN 场景中是完全能源自主的。