Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are heterogeneous projection neurons that convey distinct visual features from the retina to brain. Here, we present a high-throughput in vivo RGC activity assay in response to light stimulation using noninvasive Ca 2+ imaging of thousands of RGCs simultaneously in living mice. Population and single-cell analyses of longitudinal RGC Ca 2+ imaging reveal distinct functional responses of RGCs and unprecedented individual RGC activity conversions during traumatic and glaucomatous degeneration. This study establishes a foundation for future in vivo RGC function classifications and longitudinal activity evaluations using more advanced imaging techniques and visual stimuli under normal, disease, and neural repair conditions. These analyses can be performed at both the population and single-cell levels using temporal and spatial information, which will be invaluable for understanding RGC pathophysiology and identifying functional biomarkers for diverse optic neuropathies.

中文翻译：

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纵向体内 Ca 2+ 成像揭示了病变视网膜神经节细胞在单细胞水平的动态活动变化

视网膜神经节细胞 (RGC) 是异质性投射神经元，可将不同的视觉特征从视网膜传递到大脑。在这里，我们提出了一种高通量体内 RGC 活性测定法，以响应使用无创 Ca 的光刺激2+在活小鼠中同时对数千个 RGC 进行成像。纵向 RGC Ca 的群体和单细胞分析2+成像揭示了外伤和青光眼变性过程中 RGC 的独特功能反应和前所未有的个体 RGC 活动转换。本研究为未来在正常、疾病和神经修复条件下使用更先进的成像技术和视觉刺激进行体内 RGC 功能分类和纵向活动评估奠定了基础。这些分析可以使用时间和空间信息在群体和单细胞水平上进行，这对于理解 RGC 病理生理学和识别各种视神经病变的功能生物标志物非常宝贵。