Platinum reaches considerable activity and stability as an electrocatalyst but is not always capable of maintaining such performance under CO poisoning, particularly in CO residual fuels for practical proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this work, we report that surface anions including a series of nonmetal elements on Pt nanoparticles result in outstanding CO tolerance for electrocatalysts in fuel cells. In particular, phosphorus surface-anion-modified Pt (denoted as P–Pt) possesses more than 10-fold enhancement of CO tolerance (only 8.4% decay) than commercial Pt/C, which can serve as a robust electrocatalyst both in CO poisoning half cells and full cells. Moreover, the general mechanism and principle were proposed, stating that surface anions should be selected preferentially to offer electron feedback to downshift the d-band center for the Pt surface, successfully weakening CO adsorption and leading to high-tolerance capability. We anticipate that surface anions on a Pt surface can bring robust electrocatalysts for practical PEMFCs and offer novel insights for high-performance Pt-based electrocatalysts.

中文翻译：

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表面阴离子促进具有高 CO 耐受性的 Pt 电催化剂的燃料电池性能

铂金作为电催化剂具有相当大的活​​性和稳定性，但在 CO 中毒情况下并不总是能够保持这种性能，特别是在用于实际质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFC) 的 CO 残留燃料中。在这项工作中，我们报告了包括 Pt 纳米粒子上的一系列非金属元素在内的表面阴离子导致燃料电池电催化剂具有出色的 CO 耐受性。特别是，磷表面阴离子修饰的 Pt（表示为 P-Pt）具有比商业 Pt/C 高 10 倍以上的 CO 耐受性（仅 8.4% 衰减），在 CO 中毒中可作为稳健的电催化剂半电池和全电池。此外，提出了一般机制和原则，指出应优先选择表面阴离子以提供电子反馈以降低 Pt 表面的 d 带中心，成功削弱 CO 吸附并导致高耐受能力。我们预计 Pt 表面的表面阴离子可以为实用的 PEMFC 带来强大的电催化剂，并为高性能 Pt 基电催化剂提供新的见解。