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Justice and Inclusiveness: The Reconfiguration of Global–Local Relationships in Sustainability Initiatives in Ghana’s Cocoa Sector
Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s10806-022-09895-2
Faustina Obeng Adomaa , Sietze Vellema , Maja Slingerland

Pressure from the public and non-governmental organisations is pushing lead companies in the cocoa and chocolate sectors towards becoming more environmentally sustainable and socially just. Because of this, several sustainability programmes, certification schemes and delivery initiatives have been introduced. These have changed the relationship between chocolate companies, cocoa exporters, and small-scale farmers. This paper observes how large companies in the cocoa export and consumer markets are shifting away from their traditionally remote position in the cocoa sector. The pressure to ensure sustainability and justice has provoked more mutually dependent relationships with cocoa producers. Our analysis outlines the implications this emerging reconfiguration of global-local relationships has for procedural justice principles of interdependence and refutability, and the distributive justice principles of need and equity. These principles are important because they enable the different dimensions of inclusion: ownership, voice, risk, and reward. This paper highlights and qualifies arrangements surrounding these justice principles that manifest in the way five service delivery initiatives - associated with sustainability programmes and led by major buying companies in Ghana’s cocoa sector – are implemented. We show inclusiveness as an outcome of dynamic global-local relationships that are constantly reworked in response to smallholder farmers’ agency and state regulations. Portraying inclusiveness as an outcome of interactions changes its conceptualisation from a predefined ethical standpoint included in the design of standards to a result of unfolding mutual dependencies, which refashion how inclusive agriculture value chains work.



中文翻译:

正义与包容性:加纳可可行业可持续发展举措中全球与地方关系的重新配置

来自公共和非政府组织的压力正在推动可可和巧克力行业的领先公司变得更加环境可持续和社会公正。因此,推出了多项可持续发展计划、认证计划和交付举措。这些改变了巧克力公司、可可出口商和小农之间的关系。本文观察了可可出口和消费市场的大型公司如何摆脱其在可可行业传统的偏远地位。确保可持续性和正义的压力引发了与可可生产商更加相互依赖的关系。我们的分析概述了这种新兴的全球与地方关系的重新配置对相互依存和可反驳的程序正义原则以及需要和公平的分配正义原则的影响。这些原则很重要,因为它们实现了包容性的不同维度:所有权、发言权、风险和回报。本文强调并限定了围绕这些正义原则的安排,这些安排体现在五项服务提供举措的实施方式上,这些举措与可持续发展计划相关,并由加纳可可行业的主要采购公司领导。我们将包容性视为动态的全球与地方关系的结果,这种关系根据小农机构和国家法规不断进行修改。将包容性描述为互动的结果,将其概念从标准设计中包含的预先定义的道德立场转变为相互依存关系的结果,这重塑了包容性农业价值链的运作方式。

更新日期:2022-11-21
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