Calcium bentonites (CaB), rich in European and Asian countries, are potential barrier materials for landfill leachate containment. However, CaB has to be converted into sodium bentonite (NaB) by Na-activation so as to facilitate intercalation modification. In this study, salt-resistant poly(acrylic acid-N, N-diethyl acrylamide) [P(AA-DEA)] was designed to intercalate and graft CaB by in situ polymerization without prior Na-activation. By this design, acrylic acid monomers were first adsorbed into interlayers of Ca-montmorillonite (Ca-MT) through the electrostatic complexation with Ca²⁺, dislodging Ca²⁺ from montmorillonite surfaces. Then, ammonium ions of N, N-diethyl acrylamide were adsorbed into Ca-MT interlayers. Swelling index of the obtained CaB/P(AA-DEA) nanocomposite in aggressive coal combustion product (CCP) leachate is 15.8 mL/2g, which is as high as 3.4 times that of CaB. CaB/P(AA-DEA)-based geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) exhibit very low hydraulic conductivity (1.6✕10⁻¹² m/s) to CCP leachate, which is as low as 3.3% that of the U.S. standard requirement and ∼4 orders of magnitude lower than that of CaB-based GCL. Polymer elution of CaB/P(AA-DEA)-8% in CCP leachate is as low as 1.9% that of the dry mixed samples.

欧洲和亚洲国家富含的钙膨润土 (CaB) 是垃圾填埋场渗滤液围堵的潜在阻隔材料。然而，CaB 必须通过 Na 活化转化为钠膨润土（NaB），以促进插层改性。在这项研究中，耐盐聚（丙烯酸-N，N-二乙基丙烯酰胺）[P(AA-DEA)] 旨在通过原位聚合插入和接枝 CaB，而无需事先进行 Na 活化。通过这种设计，丙烯酸单体首先通过与 Ca ²⁺的静电络合吸附到钙蒙脱石 (Ca-MT) 的夹层中，去除 Ca ²⁺来自蒙脱石表面。然后，N，N-二乙基丙烯酰胺的铵离子被吸附到 Ca-MT 夹层中。所获得的 CaB/P(AA-DEA) 纳米复合材料在侵蚀性煤燃烧产物 (CCP) 渗滤液中的溶胀指数为 15.8 mL/2g，是 CaB 的 3.4 倍。基于 CaB/P(AA-DEA) 的土工合成粘土衬里 (GCL) 对 CCP 渗滤液表现出非常低的导水率 (1.6✕10 ^-12  m/s)，低至美国标准要求的 3.3%，并且～比基于 CaB 的 GCL 低 4 个数量级。CCP 浸出液中 CaB/P(AA-DEA)-8% 的聚合物洗脱率低至干混样品的 1.9%。