The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that play an important role in human health, influencing functions such as vitamin uptake, digestion and immunomodulation. While research of the gut microbiome has expanded considerably over the past decade, some areas such as the relationship between exercise and the microbiome remain relatively under investigated. Despite this, multiple studies have shown a potential bidirectional relationship between exercise and the gut microbiome, with some studies demonstrating the possibility of influencing this relationship. This, in turn, could provide a useful route to influence athletic performance via microbiome manipulation, a valuable prospect for many elite athletes and their teams. The evidence supporting the potential benefits of pursuing this route and associated future perspectives are discussed in this review.

人体肠道微生物群是一个复杂的微生物生态系统，对人体健康起着重要作用，影响维生素摄取、消化和免疫调节等功能。虽然肠道微生物组的研究在过去十年中有了很大的扩展，但运动与微生物组之间的关系等某些领域的研究相对较少。尽管如此，多项研究表明运动与肠道微生物组之间存在潜在的双向关系，一些研究表明影响这种关系的可能性。反过来，这可以提供一条有用的途径来通过微生物组操纵来影响运动表现，这对许多精英运动员及其团队来说是一个有价值的前景。