This paper covers a novel solution to reduce the gas consumed by Decentralized Applications (DApps) running on Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Smart contracts extend the capabilities of the Blockchain, but the strict gas policy of the EVM limits the implementation of various DApps. On the other hand, Oracle provides a means to use an external execution environment for smart contracts, but its functional limitations and additional costs limit the growth of the DApp market to DApp users. To address the gas consumption crisis of DApps, we designed an event-based resource offloading solution that allows DApp developers to run their own compute servers. By adopting our solution, DApp users only pay the constant and minimized amount of gas fee, while the external server pays highly reduced amount of gas fee instead. We describe the solution in detail with a sample DApp model and mathematically demonstrate the effectiveness of the solution compared to an Oracle-based implementation. Furthermore, we conducted empirical experiment of actual DApp using EVM and verified the reduction of the gas consumption.

本文介绍了一种新颖的解决方案，可减少在以太坊虚拟机 (EVM) 上运行的分散式应用程序 (DApp) 消耗的气体。智能合约扩展了区块链的能力，但 EVM 严格的 gas 政策限制了各种 DApp 的实施。另一方面，Oracle 为智能合约提供了一种使用外部执行环境的手段，但其功能限制和额外成本限制了 DApp 市场对 DApp 用户的增长。为了解决 DApps 的 gas 消耗危机，我们设计了一个基于事件的资源卸载解决方案，允许 DApp 开发人员运行他们自己的计算服务器。通过采用我们的解决方案，DApp 用户只需支付恒定且最小的 gas 费用，而外部服务器则支付大幅减少的 gas 费用。我们使用示例 DApp 模型详细描述了该解决方案，并在数学上证明了该解决方案与基于 Oracle 的实施相比的有效性。此外，我们使用 EVM 对实际 DApp 进行了实证实验，并验证了气体消耗量的减少。