Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with complicated etiology that has not been clearly analyzed until nowadays. Apart from anti-inflammatory, immune modulatory and symptomatic treatments, which are the main tools towards MS control, antioxidant molecules may be of interest. Oxidative stress is a key condition implicated in the disease progression. Reactive species production is associated with immune cell activation in the brain as well as in the periphery, accounting for demyelinating and axonal disruptive processes. This review refers to research articles, of the last decade. It describes biological evaluation of antioxidant drugs, and molecules with pharmaceutical interest, which are not designed for MS treatment, however they seem to have potency against MS. Their antioxidant effect is accompanied, in most of the cases, by anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory and neuroprotective properties. Compounds with such characteristics are expected to be beneficial in the treatment of MS, alone or as complementary therapy, improving some clinical and mechanistic aspects of the disease. This review also summarizes some of the pathobiological characteristics of MS, as well as the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the progression of neurodegeneration. It presents known drugs and bioactive compounds with antioxidant, and in many cases, pleiotropic activity that have been tested for their efficacy in MS progression or the experimentally induced MS. Antioxidants may offer reduction or prevention of the disease symptoms and progression. Thus, their results may, combined with already applied treatments, be beneficial for the development of new molecules or the repurposing of drugs and supplements that are used with other indication so far.

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中文翻译：

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努力重新利用抗氧化药物和活性化合物来控制多发性硬化症

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种中枢神经系统 (CNS) 退行性疾病，其病因复杂，至今尚未得到明确分析。除了作为控制 MS 的主要工具的抗炎、免疫调节和对症治疗外，抗氧化分子可能也很有趣。氧化应激是与疾病进展有关的关键条件。活性物质的产生与大脑和外周的免疫细胞激活有关，导致脱髓鞘和轴突破坏过程。这篇评论参考了过去十年的研究文章。它描述了抗氧化药物和具有药学意义的分子的生物学评估，这些分子不是为 MS 治疗而设计的，但它们似乎具有抗 MS 的效力。在大多数情况下，它们的抗氧化作用伴随着抗炎、免疫调节和神经保护特性。具有此类特征的化合物有望单独或作为辅助疗法治疗多发性硬化症，从而改善该疾病的某些临床和机制方面。本综述还总结了 MS 的一些病理生物学特征，以及氧化应激和炎症在神经变性进展中的作用。它展示了已知的药物和生物活性化合物，它们具有抗氧化剂，并且在许多情况下还具有多效性活性，这些活性已经过测试，可用于 MS 进展或实验诱导的 MS。抗氧化剂可以减少或预防疾病症状和进展。因此，他们的结果可能与已经应用的治疗相结合，

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