The non-uniform ion deposition of zinc anodes forming zinc dendrites and the side reactions hinder the large-scale application of zinc ion batteries (ZIBs). Herein, a functional SPSF@PMIA (SP) separator is reported to achieve a dendrite-free and stable zinc anode by regulating the uniform deposition of zinc ions. The SP separator with micro–nano-sized porosity provides more ion paths and facilitates the deposition of zinc ions. At the same time, the –SO₃⁻ in repelling anions and the negatively charged –CO–NH– are susceptible to electrostatic attraction with zinc ions, which allows the selective passage of zinc ions and directs its orderly deposition on the zinc anode surface. As a result, zinc anodes equipped with SP separators showed extremely long cycle life (over 1000 h), low voltage hysteresis (58 mV at 1 mA cm⁻²) and high coulombic efficiency (97.8%). In addition, the SP separator reduces the nucleation overpotential of zinc ions, which greatly alleviates anodic corrosion and promotes homogeneous nucleation of zinc ions. More importantly, the SP separator has excellent ionic conductivity and wide applicability, which can be configured with different electrolytes and different combinations of cathode materials, and shows outstanding reversibility over thousands of cycles. This work shows that the use of separators to regulate ion deposition is an effective strategy to achieve dendritic free zinc anodes and provides a new perspective for research into developing long-life, high-stability, and low-cost separators for ZIBs.

中文翻译：

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用于高性能锌离子电池的 SPSF@PMIA 纳米纤维隔膜调节的沉积行为

锌负极形成锌枝晶的不均匀离子沉积和副反应阻碍了锌离子电池（ZIBs）的大规模应用。在此，据报道功能性 SPSF@PMIA (SP) 隔膜通过调节锌离子的均匀沉积来实现无枝晶和稳定的锌阳极。具有微纳米级孔隙率的 SP 隔膜提供了更多的离子通道并促进了锌离子的沉积。同时，-SO ₃ ^-在排斥阴离子和带负电荷的–CO–NH– 中容易受到锌离子的静电吸引，这允许锌离子选择性通过并引导其在锌阳极表面上有序沉积。因此，配备 SP 隔膜的锌阳极表现出极长的循环寿命（超过 1000 小时）、低电压滞后（1 mA cm 时为 58 mV ^-2) 和高库仑效率 (97.8%)。此外，SP隔膜降低了锌离子的成核过电位，极大地缓解了阳极腐蚀，促进了锌离子的均匀成核。更重要的是，SP隔膜具有优异的离子电导率和广泛的适用性，可以配置不同的电解质和正极材料的不同组合，并在数千次循环中表现出出色的可逆性。这项工作表明，使用隔膜调节离子沉积是实现无枝晶锌负极的有效策略，并为开发长寿命、高稳定性和低成本的 ZIB 隔膜的研究提供了新的视角。