ABSTRACT

Objective

The aim of this systematic review is to highlight how pilots’ risk perception is measured, and the relationship between individual predictors of risk and risky flight behavior.

Background

Risk is an intrinsic part of life with no action void of risk. Risk-taking is mediated by several factors which include age, sex, cultural background, and personality. Understanding how pilots’ risk perception is measured allows for improved understanding of pilots’ propensity to engage in risk, and for the design of training initiatives to mitigate risky behavior.

Method

A systematic review was conducted to establish the link between individual predictors of risk, and risky flight behavior. The systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines, covering the time span between 1985 and 2021. Sixteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were revealed.

Results

Three of the 16 articles employed an in-situ behavioral measure for risky flight behavior. Forecasting, where an individual predicts his/her action in a particular circumstance was the most used measure to deduce pilots’ risk-taking behavior. No predictor variable reliably predicted pilots’ risky flight behavior.

Conclusion

This systematic review highlights the majority of research examining the relationship between individual predictors of risk, and risky flight behavior relies on self-reported measures or scales as opposed to in-situ performance measures such as data captured during flight or in a simulator. Such performance measures are susceptible to demand characteristics.

中文翻译：

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个体风险预测因子与危险飞行行为之间的联系：系统回顾

摘要

客观的

本系统评价的目的是强调如何衡量飞行员的风险感知，以及个人风险预测因素与冒险飞行行为之间的关系。

背景

风险是生活的内在组成部分，任何行动都离不开风险。冒险行为受多种因素影响，包括年龄、性别、文化背景和个性。了解飞行员的风险感知是如何衡量的，可以更好地理解飞行员参与风险的倾向，并有助于设计培训计划以减轻风险行为。

方法

进行了系统审查，以建立个人风险预测因素与危险飞行行为之间的联系。系统评价是使用 PRISMA 指南进行的，涵盖了 1985 年至 2021 年的时间跨度。揭示了 16 篇符合纳入标准的文章。

结果

16 篇文章中的三篇采用原位行为测量来衡量危险的飞行行为。预测，个人预测他/她在特定情况下的行为是推断飞行员冒险行为的最常用措施。没有预测变量可以可靠地预测飞行员的危险飞行行为。

结论

这篇系统综述强调了大多数检查个体风险预测因素之间关系的研究，而有风险的飞行行为依赖于自我报告的措施或量表，而不是现场绩效措施，例如在飞行期间或在模拟器中捕获的数据。此类绩效指标易受需求特征的影响。