The development of novel iron heterogeneous catalysts for organic synthesis is attractive and significant for both academic and industrial applications. A carbon-based iron heterogeneous catalyst (Fe@NSiC) comprising of different iron species including iron atomic single sites (FeN_xSi_y), iron silicate and iron nanoparticles (NPs) has been developed. This catalyst exhibits high performance on the solvent-free synthesis of pyrroles from nitroarenes and 2,5-hexanedione via cascade reaction using HCOOH/DBU as the reductant. Si doping can increase Lewis acid sites of the catalyst and the electron density of iron sites, thus promoting the reaction. Furthermore, a set of pyrroles reflecting potential interest from the pharmaceutical perspective are obtained with moderate to excellent yields in this chemistry.

用于有机合成的新型铁非均相催化剂的开发对于学术和工业应用都具有吸引力和意义。已开发出一种碳基铁非均相催化剂 (Fe@NSiC)，该催化剂由不同的铁物种组成，包括铁原子单中心 (FeN _x Si _y )、硅酸铁和铁纳米颗粒 (NPs)。该催化剂在硝基芳烃和2,5-己二酮无溶剂合成吡咯方面表现出优异的性能使用 HCOOH/DBU 作为还原剂的级联反应。Si掺杂可以增加催化剂的Lewis酸位和铁位的电子密度，从而促进反应。此外，在该化学中以中等至优异的产率获得了一组反映药物潜在兴趣的吡咯。