With the proliferation of smart devices and revolutions in communications, electrical distribution systems are gradually shifting from passive, manually-operated and inflexible ones, to a massively interconnected cyber–physical smart grid to address the energy challenges of the future. However, the integration of several cutting-edge technologies has introduced many security and privacy vulnerabilities due to the large-scale complexity and resource limitations of deployments. Recent research trends have shown that False Data Injection (FDI) attacks are becoming one of the most malicious cyber threats within the entire smart grid paradigm. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of the recent advances in FDI attacks within active distribution systems and proposes a taxonomy to classify the FDI threats with respect to smart grid targets. The related studies are contrasted and summarized in terms of the attack methodologies and implications on the electrical power distribution networks. Finally, we identify some research gaps and recommend a number of future research directions to guide and motivate prospective researchers.

随着智能设备的普及和通信革命，配电系统正逐渐从被动、手动操作和不灵活的系统转变为大规模互连的信息物理智能电网，以应对未来的能源挑战。然而，由于部署的大规模复杂性和资源限制，多项尖端技术的集成引入了许多安全和隐私漏洞。最近的研究趋势表明，虚假数据注入 (FDI) 攻击正在成为整个智能电网范式中最恶意的网络威胁之一。所以，本文全面调查了主动配电系统中 FDI 攻击的最新进展，并提出了一种分类法，以根据智能电网目标对 FDI 威胁进行分类。在攻击方法和对配电网络的影响方面对相关研究进行了对比和总结。最后，我们确定了一些研究差距并推荐了一些未来的研究方向，以指导和激励未来的研究人员。