People usually have less accurate memory for cross-race (CR) than for same-race (SR) faces, a robust and consequential phenomenon known as the Cross-Race Effect (CRE). In an influential paper, Hugenberg et al. (2007) showed that the CRE can be eliminated when participants are instructed to individuate CR faces in order to avoid displaying this effect. This finding has received widespread attention, and many studies have attempted to replicate it, with mixed results. In the present research, we attempted to replicate the effect of the individuation instructions in eliminating the CRE (Hugenberg et al., 2007) in two pre-registered experiments in two different cultures – the United States and Portugal. The results of both experiments found no evidence that instructing participants to individuate CR faces eliminates or even attenuates the CRE. Additionally, we also examined and failed to find support for the idea that these individuation instructions are more effective for the participants who report greater contact with CR faces (Young & Hugenberg, 2012). Finally, we also did not find evidence that the cultural setting moderates the effect of the individuation instructions of the CRE. We critically discuss the potential reasons for the lack of impact on the individuation instructions in the CRE and its implications for a prominent motivational account of this effect.

人们通常对跨种族 (CR) 的记忆不如对同种族 (SR) 面孔的准确记忆，这是一种被称为跨种族效应 (CRE) 的强大且必然的现象。在一篇有影响力的论文中，Hugenberg 等人。(2007) 表明，当参与者被指示对 CR 面进行个体化以避免显示这种效果时，可以消除 CRE。这一发现受到了广泛关注，许多研究试图复制它，但结果好坏参半。在目前的研究中，我们试图在美国和葡萄牙两种不同文化的两个预先注册的实验中复制个性化指令在消除 CRE 中的效果（Hugenberg 等，2007）。两项实验的结果都没有发现任何证据表明指导参与者对 CR 面孔进行个体化会消除甚至减弱 CRE。此外，我们还检查并未能找到支持这些个性化说明对于报告与 CR 面孔有更多接触的参与者更有效的观点（Young & Hugenberg，2012）。最后，我们也没有发现证据表明文化环境会调节 CRE 个性化指导的效果。我们批判性地讨论了对 CRE 中的个体化指令缺乏影响的潜在原因及其对这种影响的显着动机说明的影响。我们也没有发现证据表明文化环境会调节 CRE 个性化指导的效果。我们批判性地讨论了对 CRE 中的个体化指令缺乏影响的潜在原因及其对这种影响的显着动机说明的影响。我们也没有发现证据表明文化环境会调节 CRE 个性化指导的效果。我们批判性地讨论了对 CRE 中的个体化指令缺乏影响的潜在原因及其对这种影响的显着动机说明的影响。