Nucleic acids are the blueprint of life. They are not only the construction plan of the single cell or higher associations of them, but also necessary for function, communication and regulation. Due to the pandemic, the attention shifted in particular to their therapeutic potential as a vaccine. As pharmaceutical oligonucleotides are unique in terms of their stability and application, special delivery systems were also considered. Oligonucleotide production systems can vary and depend on the feasibility, availability, price and intended application. To achieve good purity, reliable results and match the strict specifications in the pharmaceutical industry, the separation of oligonucleotides is always essential. Besides the separation required for production, additional and specifically different separation techniques are needed for analysis to determine if the product complies with the designated specifications. After a short introduction to ribonucleic acids (RNAs), messenger RNA vaccines, and their production and delivery systems, an overview regarding separation techniques will be provided. This not only emphasises electrophoretic separations but also includes spin columns, extractions, precipitations, magnetic nanoparticles and several chromatographic separation principles, such as ion exchange chromatography, ion-pair reversed-phase, size exclusion and affinity.

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用于纯化和分析的寡核苷酸分离技术：我们可以为今天的任务学到什么？

核酸是生命的蓝图。它们不仅是单个细胞或它们的高级联合体的构建计划，而且是功能、通讯和调节所必需的。由于大流行，人们的注意力特别转移到了它们作为疫苗的治疗潜力上。由于药物寡核苷酸在稳定性和应用方面是独一无二的，因此还考虑了特殊的递送系统。寡核苷酸生产系统可能会有所不同，具体取决于可行性、可用性、价格和预期应用。为了获得良好的纯度、可靠的结果并符合制药行业的严格规范，寡核苷酸的分离始终是必不可少的。除了生产所需的分离，需要额外的和特别不同的分离技术来进行分析以确定产品是否符合指定的规格。在简短介绍核糖核酸 (RNA)、信使 RNA 疫苗及其生产和递送系统后，将提供有关分离技术的概述。这不仅强调电泳分离，还包括离心柱、萃取、沉淀、磁性纳米粒子和几种色谱分离原理，例如离子交换色谱、离子对反相色谱、尺寸排阻和亲和色谱。将提供有关分离技术的概述。这不仅强调电泳分离，还包括离心柱、萃取、沉淀、磁性纳米粒子和几种色谱分离原理，例如离子交换色谱、离子对反相色谱、尺寸排阻和亲和色谱。将提供有关分离技术的概述。这不仅强调电泳分离，还包括离心柱、萃取、沉淀、磁性纳米粒子和几种色谱分离原理，例如离子交换色谱、离子对反相色谱、尺寸排阻和亲和色谱。