INTRODUCTION Adolescence is a time of increased emotional reactivity and improving cognitive control. Mindfulness meditation training may foster adolescents' cognitive control and emotional regulation skills; however little is known about the impact of mindfulness training in adolescents compared to adults. We examined the effect of mindfulness meditation versus a closely matched active control condition (relaxation training) on behavioral and neural measures of cognitive control and emotional reactivity in a small group of adolescents and adults. METHODS Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected before and after 8 weeks of training in 26 adolescent (12-14 years) and 17 adult (23-33 years) female participants in the United Kingdom while they completed an n-back task with emotional face distractors and an attentional control task. Participants of each group chose a class date/time and the classes were then randomly allocated to mindfulness or relaxation conditions. RESULTS Compared to relaxation training, mindfulness training led to an increase in the speed of reorienting attention across age groups. In addition, there was preliminary evidence for reduced amygdala response to emotional face distractors in adolescents after mindfulness training. CONCLUSIONS An 8-week mindfulness program showed similar facilitative effects in adolescent and adult females on the reorienting of attention, a skill that is repeatedly practiced during mindfulness meditation. Mindfulness also reduced left amygdala reactivity to emotional face distractors in adolescents only. Mindfulness meditation practice can therefore have a facilitative effect on female adolescents' attentional control, and possibly attenuate their emotional reactivity.

中文翻译：

---

一项关于正念训练对青少年和成年女性情绪面孔的注意力重新定向和杏仁核反应性影响的初步神经影像学调查。

简介 青春期是情绪反应增强和认知控制能力提高的时期。正念冥想训练可以培养青少年的认知控制和情绪调节能力；然而，与成人相比，正念训练对青少年的影响知之甚少。我们检查了正念冥想与密切匹配的主动控制条件（放松训练）对一小群青少年和成人的认知控制和情绪反应的行为和神经测量的影响。方法 在英国的 26 名青少年（12-14 岁）和 17 名成年（23-33 岁）女性参与者接受 8 周训练前后的结构和功能磁共振成像数据，他们完成了一项 n-back 任务情绪化的面部干扰和注意力控制任务。每组的参与者选择一个课程日期/时间，然后将课程随机分配到正念或放松条件。结果 与放松训练相比，正念训练导致不同年龄组的注意力重新定位速度加快。此外，有初步证据表明，正念训练后青少年的杏仁核对情绪面部干扰物的反应降低。结论 一项为期 8 周的正念计划对青少年和成年女性的注意力重新定向显示出相似的促进作用，这是一种在正念冥想过程中反复练习的技能。正念也仅在青少年中降低了左侧杏仁核对情绪面部干扰物的反应。因此，正念冥想练习可以促进女性青少年的注意力控制，并可能减弱她们的情绪反应。